-ish

/ɪʃ/

//ɪʃ// suffix

"ish" is a 3-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“-ish” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as a suffix. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
4
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed September 3, 2026) - Typical of, similar to, being like.

Corpus desk

Index EN-ish · -ish · English

-ish · unranked · 0 variants · 0 confusables

  • FREQ-UNRANKED Unranked
  • LEN-MID 4 letters
  • VOW-1 1 vowel
  • CONFUS-0 No pairs
  • VAR-0 0 variants
  • BOOK-THIN "-" thin
  • PHOTO-UNK Peer pending

Read with this headword: Spelling guide for this pattern

Desk codes from Wiktionary headword shape, FrequencyWords rank tier, confusable-pair count, generated misspelling depth, letter-cohort book size, and photo-finish peer. Not a difficulty grade.

Key facts for -ish
PropertyValue
Headword-ish
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechSuffix
IPA/ɪʃ/
Letters4
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Long-tail rank of “-ish” in English

-ishfalls outside the top-100,000 ranked English words, the long-tail zone of technical, archaic, or low-frequency vocabulary, exactly where readers second-guess spellings most.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

-ish is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as asuffix, transcribed /ɪʃ/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. 4 senses are on record.

Zero misspellings are on record for -ish in our index, which points to an orthography that plays by predictable English rules. It is not paired with a close-neighbour confusable in our dataset, since no other headword is close enough in sound or shape to pair with it.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English -ish, -isch, from Old English -isċ (“-ish”, suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Dutch -s; German -isch (whence Dutch -isch); Norwegian, Danish, and… The correct English form is -ish, spelled --I-S-H.

Definition

  1. 1
    Typical of, similar to, being like.
  2. 2
    Somewhat, rather.
  3. 3
    About, approximately.
  4. 4
    Of, belonging, or relating to (a nationality, place, language or similar association with something).

Recorded use

Wiktionary examples

These source excerpts show how -ish appears in context. They illustrate usage; the definition above remains the entry’s reference meaning.

  1. Her face had a girlish charm.
  2. […] ; for she had recently developed a magpie[-]ish tendency to appropriate and conceal trifling matters; […]

Etymology

From Middle English -ish, -isch, from Old English -isċ (“-ish”, suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Dutch -s; German -isch (whence Dutch -isch); Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish -isk or -sk; Lithuanian -iškas; Russian -ский (-skij); and the Ancient Greek diminutive suffix -ίσκος (-ískos). Doublet of -esque and -ski.

Synonyms

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "-ish"?
"-ish" is spelled --I-S-H. The IPA pronunciation is /ɪʃ/.
What does "-ish" mean?
As a suffix, "-ish" means: Typical of, similar to, being like.
How do you pronounce "-ish"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "-ish" is /ɪʃ/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "-ish"?
From Middle English -ish, -isch, from Old English -isċ (“-ish”, suffix), from Proto-West Germanic *-isk, from Proto-Germanic *-iskaz (“-ish”), from Proto-Indo-European *-iskos. Cognate with Dutch -s; German -isch (whence Dutch -isch); Norwegian, D... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list