tarnish

/ˈtɑːnɪʃ/

//ˈtɑːnɪʃ// noun

"tarnish" is a 7-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“tarnish” is a moderately-common English word, ranked #35,107 in English word frequency and used as a noun.

#35,107
frequency rank, English
7
letters
11
tracked misspellings
4
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Oxidation or discoloration, especially of a decorative metal exposed to air.

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

tarnish vs Trish
57% similar
tarnish vs Turkish
57% similar
tarnish vs tarnished
78% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for tarnish
PropertyValue
Headwordtarnish
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechNoun
IPA/ˈtɑːnɪʃ/
Letters7
Frequency rank#35,107
Misspellings tracked11
Confusable pairs4
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “tarnish” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). tarnish lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for tarnish is 7 letters long, classified as a noun, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/. Corpus data places it at rank #35,107 in overall English word frequency, marking it as uncommon enough that many writers pause before typing it. The dominant gloss from Wiktionary reads: "Oxidation or discoloration, especially of a decorative metal exposed to air.".

Our generated misspelling index lists 11 likely wrong-spelling variants for tarnish, with forms such as "atrnish", "tanrish", and "tarinsh". Each variant is a distinct typo pattern an edit-distance generator flags, typically a doubled-consonant error, a silent-letter drop, or a vowel substitution. It also participates in 4 confusable-pair relationships, "Trish", "Turkish", "tarnished", and more, a pairing that trips writers up because the two words share enough sound or shape to blur together.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English ternysshen, from Old French terniss-, stem of ternir (“to make dim, make wan”), borrowed from Old High German *ternen, tarnen, from Proto-West Germanic *darnijan (“to conceal”). Doublet of dern and darn. The correct English form is tarnish, spelled T-A-R-N-I-S-H.

Definition

  1. 1
    Oxidation or discoloration, especially of a decorative metal exposed to air.

Etymology

From Middle English ternysshen, from Old French terniss-, stem of ternir (“to make dim, make wan”), borrowed from Old High German *ternen, tarnen, from Proto-West Germanic *darnijan (“to conceal”). Doublet of dern and darn.

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: atrnish,tanrish,tarinsh,tarnihs,tarnishh,tarnissh,tarnnish,tarnsih,tarrnish,tranish,ttarnish

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of tarnish - counted as single-character edits (an insertion, a deletion, or a substituted letter). The larger the bar, the easier the typo is to spot; one-edit slips are the ones that sneak past readers.

atrnish2tanrish2tarinsh2tarnihs2tarnishh1tarnissh1tarnnish1tarnsih2
Edit distance from "tarnish"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "tarnish"?
"tarnish" is spelled T-A-R-N-I-S-H. The IPA pronunciation is /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/.
What does "tarnish" mean?
As a noun, "tarnish" means: Oxidation or discoloration, especially of a decorative metal exposed to air.
What words are commonly confused with "tarnish"?
"tarnish" is commonly confused with "Trish", "Turkish", "tarnished". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "tarnish"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "tarnish" is /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "tarnish"?
From Middle English ternysshen, from Old French terniss-, stem of ternir (“to make dim, make wan”), borrowed from Old High German *ternen, tarnen, from Proto-West Germanic *darnijan (“to conceal”). Doublet of dern and darn. See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “tarnish”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is T-A-R-N-I-S-H - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “Trish” - see the side-by-side comparison. tarnish vs Trish
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list