thou

/ðaʊ/

//ðaʊ// pron

"thou" is a 4-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“thou” is a regularly-used English word, ranked #5,558 in English word frequency and used as a pronoun.

#5,558
frequency rank, English
4
letters
5
tracked misspellings
20
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Nominative singular of ye (“you”).

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

thou vs to
50% similar
thou vs Tu
25% similar
thou vs two
50% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for thou
PropertyValue
Headwordthou
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechPronoun
IPA/ðaʊ/
Letters4
Frequency rank#5,558
Misspellings tracked5
Confusable pairs20
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “thou” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). thou lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for thou is 4 letters long, classified as a pronoun, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ðaʊ/. Corpus data places it at rank #5,558 in overall English word frequency, indicating it appears regularly in written and spoken text. The dominant gloss from Wiktionary reads: "Nominative singular of ye (“you”).".

Our generated misspelling index lists 5 likely wrong-spelling variants for thou, with forms such as "htou", "thhou", and "thuo". Every one of these variants traces to a single-character edit -- an added or dropped letter, a swapped consonant, or a vowel swap -- the kind of slip a spell-checker is built to catch. It also participates in 20 confusable-pair relationships, "to", "Tu", "two", and more, where similar look or sound leads writers to substitute one word for another in context.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English thou, tho, thogh, thoue, thouȝ, thow, thowe, tou, towe, thu, thue, thugh, tu, you (Northern England), ðhu, þeou, þeu, þou (the latter three early Southwest England), from Old English þū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic … The correct English form is thou, spelled T-H-O-U.

Definition

  1. 1
    Nominative singular of ye (“you”).

Etymology

From Middle English thou, tho, thogh, thoue, thouȝ, thow, thowe, tou, towe, thu, thue, thugh, tu, you (Northern England), ðhu, þeou, þeu, þou (the latter three early Southwest England), from Old English þū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū (“you (singular), thou”), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you, thou”). cognates and usage evolution The English word is cognate with Saterland Frisian du (“thou”), West Frisian do (“thou”), dialectal Dutch du, dou, douw (“thou”), Limburgish doe (“thou”), Low German du (“thou”), German du (“thou”), Danish du (“thou”), Swedish du (“thou”), Norwegian Nynorsk du (“thou”), Faroese tú (“thou”), Icelandic þú (“thou”), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu, “thou”), Latin tu, Ancient Greek σύ (sú) (Doric Ancient Greek τύ (tú), Greek εσύ (esý)), Irish tu, Lithuanian tu, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Welsh ti, Armenian դու (du), Albanian ti, Persian تو (to). The informality of thou and its replacement by ye in formal situations date only to the 14th century and come from French influence, since French (as many European languages, but not Old English) uses the second-person plural (vous) instead of the second-person singular (tu) as a mark of politeness or respect.

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: htou,thhou,thuo,tohu,tthou

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of thou - expressed in single-character edits (insert, delete, or swap one letter). Bigger bars stand out at a glance; a one-edit slip is the hardest to catch.

htou2thhou1thuo2tohu2tthou1
Edit distance from "thou"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "thou"?
"thou" is spelled T-H-O-U. The IPA pronunciation is /ðaʊ/.
What does "thou" mean?
As a pronoun, "thou" means: Nominative singular of ye (“you”).
What words are commonly confused with "thou"?
"thou" is commonly confused with "to", "Tu", "two". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "thou"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "thou" is /ðaʊ/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "thou"?
From Middle English thou, tho, thogh, thoue, thouȝ, thow, thowe, tou, towe, thu, thue, thugh, tu, you (Northern England), ðhu, þeou, þeu, þou (the latter three early Southwest England), from Old English þū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “thou”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is T-H-O-U - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /ðaʊ/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “to” - see the side-by-side comparison. thou vs to
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list