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fray

/fɹeɪ/verb

fray is a verb meaning “To rub or wear away (something); to cause (something made of strands twisted or woven together, such as cloth or rope) to unravel through friction…” (English Wiktionary, September 2026). It is spelled F-R-A-Y and has one syllable, and it appears 1.9 times per million words in written English (wordfreq, 2021 data).

What does fray mean?

verb

  1. 1

    To rub or wear away (something); to cause (something made of strands twisted or woven together, such as cloth or rope) to unravel through friction; also, to irritate (something) through chafing or rubbing; to chafe.

  2. 2

    Of a deer: to rub (its antlers or head) against a tree, etc., to remove the velvet from antlers or to mark territory; also, to rub its antlers against (a tree, etc.) for that purpose.

  3. 3

    To force or make (a path, way, etc.) through.

  4. 4

    obsoleteTo bruise (someone or something); also, to take the virginity of (someone, usually a female person); to deflower.

  5. 5

    To become unravelled or worn; to unravel.

  6. 6

    To rub.

  7. 7

    Of a deer: to rub its antlers against a tree, etc., to remove the velvet or to mark territory.

  8. 8

    Of a person's mental strength, nerves, temper, etc.: to become exhausted or worn out.

    The hectic day ended in her nerves frayed.

  9. 9

    archaicobsoleteTo alarm or frighten (someone or something).

  10. 10

    archaicobsoleteOften followed by away, off, or out: to frighten or scare (someone or something) away.

  11. 11

    archaicobsoleteTo assail or attack (someone or something); to drive (someone or something) away by attacking.

  12. 12

    archaicobsoleteTo chase (someone or something) away; to disperse.

  13. 13

    archaicobsoleteTo be afraid or frightened; to fear.

  14. 14

    archaicobsoleteTo make an assault or attack; also, to create a disturbance; to brawl, to fight.

  15. 15

    archaicobsoleterareTo bear the expense of (something); to defray.

noun

  1. 1

    archaicobsoleteA consequence of rubbing, unravelling, or wearing away; a fraying; also, a place where fraying has occurred.

    The laces frayed at the cut end.

  2. 2

    archaicobsoleteA noisy commotion, especially resulting from fighting; a brawl, a fight; also, a loud quarrel.

    Though they did not know the reason for the dispute, they did not hesitate to leap into the fray.

  3. 3

    archaicobsoleteA heated argument; a war of words.

  4. 4

    archaicobsoleteConflict, disagreement.

  5. 5

    archaicobsoleteAn assault or attack.

  6. 6

    archaicobsoleteA loud noise; a cacophony, a din.

  7. 7

    archaicobsoleteFright, terror; (countable) an instance of this.

Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).

How do you pronounce fray?

  • US /fɹeɪ/

Fray has one syllable (counted from its American pronunciation in the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary).

Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract). Recordings: LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-fray.wav, Wikimedia Commons (author and licence on each file's page).

Forms of fray

  • frays present, singular, he/she/it
  • fraying participle, present
  • frayed participle, past, singular, he/she/it, plural

Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).

How common is fray?

Fray appears 1.9 times per million words in written English, the 20,101st most frequent word form in the list.

Source: written frequency: wordfreq 3.1 (a 2021 snapshot of Wikipedia, subtitles, news, books, web text and social media).

Fray in Spanish, French, German and Portuguese

LanguageWords
Frencheffilocher (to rub or wear away (something); to cause…), user (of a person’s mental strength, etc.: to become…), bagarre, combat (noisy commotion, especially resulting from…)
Germanausfransen (to rub or wear away (something); to cause…), aufreiben, zermürben (of a person’s mental strength, etc.: to become…), Schlacht, Schlägerei, Auseinandersetzung (noisy commotion, especially resulting from…)
Portuguesedesfiar (to rub or wear away (something); to cause…), refrega, briga (noisy commotion, especially resulting from…)
Spanishdeshilachar, desflecar, deshilar, desflocar, destejer (to rub or wear away (something); to cause…), deshilacharse (to become unravelled or worn)

Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract). Translations are Wiktionary's, by sense; a linked word has its own PlainSpell page.

Where does fray come from?

The verb is derived from Late Middle English fraien (“to beat so as to cause bruising, to bruise; to crush; to rub; to wear, wear off”), borrowed from Old French fraier, freier, freiier (modern French frayer (“to clear, open up (a path, etc.); (figuratively) to find one’s way through (something); (obsolete) to rub”)), from Latin fricāre, the present active infinitive of fricō (“to chafe; to rub”), an intensive form of friō (“to break into pieces, crumble; to rub”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to cut”).

Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).