fray
/fɹeɪ/verb
fray is a verb meaning “To rub or wear away (something); to cause (something made of strands twisted or woven together, such as cloth or rope) to unravel through friction…” (English Wiktionary, September 2026). It is spelled F-R-A-Y and has one syllable, and it appears 1.9 times per million words in written English (wordfreq, 2021 data).
What does fray mean?
verb
- 1
To rub or wear away (something); to cause (something made of strands twisted or woven together, such as cloth or rope) to unravel through friction; also, to irritate (something) through chafing or rubbing; to chafe.
- 2
Of a deer: to rub (its antlers or head) against a tree, etc., to remove the velvet from antlers or to mark territory; also, to rub its antlers against (a tree, etc.) for that purpose.
- 3
To force or make (a path, way, etc.) through.
- 4
obsoleteTo bruise (someone or something); also, to take the virginity of (someone, usually a female person); to deflower.
- 5
To become unravelled or worn; to unravel.
- 6
To rub.
- 7
Of a deer: to rub its antlers against a tree, etc., to remove the velvet or to mark territory.
- 8
Of a person's mental strength, nerves, temper, etc.: to become exhausted or worn out.
The hectic day ended in her nerves frayed.
- 9
archaicobsoleteTo alarm or frighten (someone or something).
- 10
archaicobsoleteOften followed by away, off, or out: to frighten or scare (someone or something) away.
- 11
archaicobsoleteTo assail or attack (someone or something); to drive (someone or something) away by attacking.
- 12
archaicobsoleteTo chase (someone or something) away; to disperse.
- 13
archaicobsoleteTo be afraid or frightened; to fear.
- 14
archaicobsoleteTo make an assault or attack; also, to create a disturbance; to brawl, to fight.
- 15
archaicobsoleterareTo bear the expense of (something); to defray.
noun
- 1
archaicobsoleteA consequence of rubbing, unravelling, or wearing away; a fraying; also, a place where fraying has occurred.
The laces frayed at the cut end.
- 2
archaicobsoleteA noisy commotion, especially resulting from fighting; a brawl, a fight; also, a loud quarrel.
Though they did not know the reason for the dispute, they did not hesitate to leap into the fray.
- 3
archaicobsoleteA heated argument; a war of words.
- 4
archaicobsoleteConflict, disagreement.
- 5
archaicobsoleteAn assault or attack.
- 6
archaicobsoleteA loud noise; a cacophony, a din.
- 7
archaicobsoleteFright, terror; (countable) an instance of this.
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).
How do you pronounce fray?
- US /fɹeɪ/
Fray has one syllable (counted from its American pronunciation in the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary).
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract). Recordings: LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-fray.wav, Wikimedia Commons (author and licence on each file's page).
Forms of fray
- frays present, singular, he/she/it
- fraying participle, present
- frayed participle, past, singular, he/she/it, plural
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).
How common is fray?
Fray appears 1.9 times per million words in written English, the 20,101st most frequent word form in the list.
Source: written frequency: wordfreq 3.1 (a 2021 snapshot of Wikipedia, subtitles, news, books, web text and social media).
Fray in Spanish, French, German and Portuguese
| Language | Words |
|---|---|
| French | effilocher , user , bagarre, combat |
| German | ausfransen , aufreiben, zermürben , Schlacht, Schlägerei, Auseinandersetzung |
| Portuguese | desfiar , refrega, briga |
| Spanish | deshilachar, desflecar, deshilar, desflocar, destejer , deshilacharse |
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract). Translations are Wiktionary's, by sense; a linked word has its own PlainSpell page.
Where does fray come from?
The verb is derived from Late Middle English fraien (“to beat so as to cause bruising, to bruise; to crush; to rub; to wear, wear off”), borrowed from Old French fraier, freier, freiier (modern French frayer (“to clear, open up (a path, etc.); (figuratively) to find one’s way through (something); (obsolete) to rub”)), from Latin fricāre, the present active infinitive of fricō (“to chafe; to rub”), an intensive form of friō (“to break into pieces, crumble; to rub”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to cut”).
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).