perturb

/pəˈtɜːb/

//pəˈtɜːb// verb

"perturb" is a 7-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“perturb” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as a verb. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
7
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed September 3, 2026) - To cause (something) to be physically disordered or disturbed; to cause confusion.

Corpus desk

Index EN-perturb · perturb · English

perturb · unranked · 0 variants · 0 confusables

  • FREQ-UNRANKED Unranked
  • LEN-LONG 7 letters
  • VOW-2 2 vowels
  • CONFUS-0 No pairs
  • VAR-0 0 variants
  • BOOK-THIN "P" thin
  • PHOTO-UNK Peer pending

Read with this headword: Spelling guide for this pattern

Desk codes from Wiktionary headword shape, FrequencyWords rank tier, confusable-pair count, generated misspelling depth, letter-cohort book size, and photo-finish peer. Not a difficulty grade.

Key facts for perturb
PropertyValue
Headwordperturb
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechVerb
IPA/pəˈtɜːb/
Letters7
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Long-tail rank of “perturb” in English

perturbsits beyond the 100,000 most-frequent English words, in the long tail of technical, archaic, or otherwise rare vocabulary where spelling doubt tends to strike hardest.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

perturb is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as averb, transcribed /pəˈtɜːb/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. 6 senses are on record.

No misspelling variants are generated for perturb in our index, suggesting the orthography follows predictable English patterns. Our dataset records no confusable match here, since nothing in our dataset looks or sounds close enough to cause mix-ups.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Late Middle English perturben (“to disturb (someone) mentally, disquiet; to cause disorder to (something), confuse; to hinder (something)”), from Old French perturber, and from its etymon Latin perturbāre, the present active infinitive of perturbō (“to… The correct English form is perturb, spelled P-E-R-T-U-R-B.

Definition

  1. 1
    To cause (something) to be physically disordered or disturbed; to cause confusion.
  2. 2
    To disturb (someone, their mind, etc.) mentally; to bother, trouble, upset.
  3. 3
    Of a celestial body: to modify the motion or orbit of (another celestial body) by exerting a gravitational force; hence (physics), to slightly modify (the motion of an object).
  4. 4
    To slightly modify (a set of equations or their solutions), producing deviations from a simple, easily solvable problem, in order to find an approximate solution to a problem that is more difficult to solve or otherwise unsolvable.
  5. 5
    To influence (a process or system) so that it deviates from its normal state.
  6. 6
    To bother, to disturb, to trouble.

Recorded use

Wiktionary examples

These source excerpts show how perturb appears in context. They illustrate usage; the definition above remains the entry’s reference meaning.

  1. Mary therefore the more knaue art thou I ſay / That perturbeſt the worde of god I ſay […]
  2. The Nobles ſtandyng by hearyng him thus ſpeake were greatly agreeued with him, notyng in him arrogancy and wilfulneſſe, in perturbyng and refuſyng ſuch an honeſt order of agreement: […]

Etymology

From Late Middle English perturben (“to disturb (someone) mentally, disquiet; to cause disorder to (something), confuse; to hinder (something)”), from Old French perturber, and from its etymon Latin perturbāre, the present active infinitive of perturbō (“to confuse; to alarm, disturb, trouble, perturb”), from per- (intensifying prefix) + turbō (“to agitate, disturb, unsettle, perturb; to upset”) (from turba (“disorder, disturbance, turmoil”) (possibly from Ancient Greek τῠ́ρβη (tŭ́rbē, “confusion, disorder, tumult”), either from Pre-Greek, or Proto-Indo-European *(s)twerH- (“to agitate, stir up; to urge on, propel”)) + -ō (suffix forming infinitives of regular first-conjugation verbs)).

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "perturb"?
"perturb" is spelled P-E-R-T-U-R-B. The IPA pronunciation is /pəˈtɜːb/.
What does "perturb" mean?
As a verb, "perturb" means: To cause (something) to be physically disordered or disturbed; to cause confusion.
How do you pronounce "perturb"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "perturb" is /pəˈtɜːb/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "perturb"?
From Late Middle English perturben (“to disturb (someone) mentally, disquiet; to cause disorder to (something), confuse; to hinder (something)”), from Old French perturber, and from its etymon Latin perturbāre, the present active infinitive of per... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
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Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list