per se

/pəˈseɪ/

//pəˈseɪ// adv

"per-se" is a 5-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“per se” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as an adverb. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
6
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Without determination by or involvement of extraneous factors; by its very nature.

Key facts for per se
PropertyValue
Headwordper se
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdverb
IPA/pəˈseɪ/
Letters6
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “per se” sits in English frequency

per se falls outside the top-100,000 ranked English words, the long-tail zone of technical, archaic, or low-frequency vocabulary, exactly where readers second-guess spellings most.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

per se is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as anadverb, transcribed /pəˈseɪ/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. 4 senses are on record.

We couldn't generate a plausible misspelling set for per se, typically a sign the spelling maps closely to how the word sounds. It is not paired with a close-neighbour confusable in our dataset, which usually means its spelling is distinct enough that readers don't reach for a similar-looking word instead.

Etymologically, the entry records: Borrowed from Latin per sē (“by itself”), from per (“by, through”) and sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”). The correct English form is per se, spelled P-E-R- -S-E.

Definition

  1. 1
    Without determination by or involvement of extraneous factors; by its very nature.
  2. 2
    In a true or literal sense; as one would expect from the name or description.
  3. 3
    As the principle of its own determination and positing itself.
  4. 4
    Not leaving discretion to the judge to take into account additional factors that could rebut the judgment, deriving the qualification from the statute.

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin per sē (“by itself”), from per (“by, through”) and sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”).

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "per se"?
"per se" is spelled P-E-R- -S-E. The IPA pronunciation is /pəˈseɪ/.
What does "per se" mean?
As an adverb, "per se" means: Without determination by or involvement of extraneous factors; by its very nature.
How do you pronounce "per se"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "per se" is /pəˈseɪ/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "per se"?
Borrowed from Latin per sē (“by itself”), from per (“by, through”) and sē (“itself, himself, herself, themselves”). See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “per se”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is P-E-R- -S-E - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /pəˈseɪ/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list