ortho-

/ɔː.θə-/

//ɔː.θə-// prefix

"ortho" is a 5-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“ortho-” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as a prefix. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
6
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed September 3, 2026) - Right angle, perpendicular.

Corpus desk

Index EN-ortho · ortho- · English

ortho- · unranked · 0 variants · 0 confusables

  • FREQ-UNRANKED Unranked
  • LEN-LONG 6 letters
  • VOW-2 2 vowels
  • CONFUS-0 No pairs
  • VAR-0 0 variants
  • BOOK-THIN "O" thin
  • PHOTO-UNK Peer pending

Read with this headword: Spelling guide for this pattern

Desk codes from Wiktionary headword shape, FrequencyWords rank tier, confusable-pair count, generated misspelling depth, letter-cohort book size, and photo-finish peer. Not a difficulty grade.

Key facts for ortho-
PropertyValue
Headwordortho-
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechPrefix
IPA/ɔː.θə-/
Letters6
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Long-tail rank of “ortho-” in English

ortho-sits beyond the 100,000 most-frequent English words, in the long tail of technical, archaic, or otherwise rare vocabulary where spelling doubt tends to strike hardest.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

ortho- is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as aprefix, transcribed /ɔː.θə-/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. 16 senses are on record.

The misspelling generator found no plausible variants for ortho-, since its letter sequence doesn't invite the usual edit-distance slips. No confusable counterpart is on file for this word, suggesting its spelling stands apart enough that readers rarely confuse it with something else.

Etymologically, the entry records: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós). The correct English form is ortho-, spelled O-R-T-H-O--.

Definition

  1. 1
    Right angle, perpendicular.
  2. 2
    Proper, righteous, pure.
  3. 3
    To correct or fix.
  4. 4
    Same, from the same.
  5. 5
    Normal, ordinary.
  6. 6
    Straight in form.
  7. 7
    Orthorhombic crystal structure.
  8. 8
    In isomeric benzene derivatives, having the two substituents in adjacent (1,2) positions (compare meta- and para-).
  9. 9
    Having an extra proportion of water.
  10. 10
    Independent, separate.
  11. 11
    Original, primary.
  12. 12
    Parallel lines or columns.
  13. 13
    Of any molecule of the form X₂ in which the two nuclei have parallel spin.
  14. 14
    Orthopaedics.
  15. 15
    Vertical or upright in movement.
  16. 16
    Igneous.

Recorded use

Wiktionary examples

These source excerpts show how ortho- appears in context. They illustrate usage; the definition above remains the entry’s reference meaning.

  1. In this sense, it is the angle that is "right" or straight rather than the line; orthogon is a right-angle triangle, orthocentric is a tetrahedron where all three pairs of opposite edges are perpendicular, orthoclastic is a crystal whose cleavage planes are at right angles.
  2. E.g., orthorexia is an unhealthy fixation with healthy or righteous eating, an orthotaxon is a true taxon based biological relationships rather than form, orthology is speech which is proper, orthoquartzite is very pure quartz sandstone.

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós).

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "ortho-"?
"ortho-" is spelled O-R-T-H-O--. The IPA pronunciation is /ɔː.θə-/.
What does "ortho-" mean?
As a prefix, "ortho-" means: Right angle, perpendicular.
How do you pronounce "ortho-"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "ortho-" is /ɔː.θə-/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "ortho-"?
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós). See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list