encumber

/ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)/

//ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)// verb

"encumber" is a 8-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“encumber” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as a verb. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
8
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed September 3, 2026) - To load down something with a burden.

Corpus desk

Index EN-encumber · encumber · English

encumber · unranked · 0 variants · 0 confusables

  • FREQ-UNRANKED Unranked
  • LEN-LONG 8 letters
  • VOW-3 3 vowels
  • CONFUS-0 No pairs
  • VAR-0 0 variants
  • BOOK-THIN "E" thin
  • PHOTO-UNK Peer pending

Read with this headword: Spelling guide for this pattern

Desk codes from Wiktionary headword shape, FrequencyWords rank tier, confusable-pair count, generated misspelling depth, letter-cohort book size, and photo-finish peer. Not a difficulty grade.

Key facts for encumber
PropertyValue
Headwordencumber
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechVerb
IPA/ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)/
Letters8
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Long-tail rank of “encumber” in English

encumberfalls outside the top-100,000 ranked English words, the long-tail zone of technical, archaic, or low-frequency vocabulary, exactly where readers second-guess spellings most.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

encumber is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as averb, transcribed /ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. 3 senses are on record.

Our edit-distance generator produced no likely misspellings for encumber, since its letter pattern doesn't lend itself to common typo substitutions. This entry stands alone in our confusable dataset, which tends to mean the word is visually distinctive enough to stand on its own.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English encombren, from Old French encombrer, from en- + combrer (“to hinder”); see cumber. By surface analysis, en- + cumber. The correct English form is encumber, spelled E-N-C-U-M-B-E-R.

Definition

  1. 1
    To load down something with a burden.
  2. 2
    To restrict or block something with a hindrance or impediment.
  3. 3
    To burden with a legal claim or other obligation.

Recorded use

Wiktionary examples

These source excerpts show how encumber appears in context. They illustrate usage; the definition above remains the entry’s reference meaning.

  1. In the reverse direction, creature comforts were not closely studied, and the vessel left Antwerp at 1 p.m., to arrive in Harwich at the awkward hour of 2 a.m. The boat train was waiting for the weary stream of passengers, who straggled up George Street, encumbered with luggage, or following burdened porters in the darkness.
  2. He [Timothy Forsyte] had never committed the imprudence of marrying or encumbering himself in any way with children.

Etymology

From Middle English encombren, from Old French encombrer, from en- + combrer (“to hinder”); see cumber. By surface analysis, en- + cumber.

Antonyms

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "encumber"?
"encumber" is spelled E-N-C-U-M-B-E-R. The IPA pronunciation is /ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)/.
What does "encumber" mean?
As a verb, "encumber" means: To load down something with a burden.
How do you pronounce "encumber"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "encumber" is /ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "encumber"?
From Middle English encombren, from Old French encombrer, from en- + combrer (“to hinder”); see cumber. By surface analysis, en- + cumber. See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list