are

/ə(ɹ)/

//ə(ɹ)// verb

"are" is a 3-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“are” is in the everyday core of English, ranked #19 in English word frequency and used as a verb.

#19
frequency rank, English
3
letters
20
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - second-person singular simple present of be

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

are vs as
33% similar
are vs at
33% similar
are vs aw
33% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for are
PropertyValue
Headwordare
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechVerb
IPA/ə(ɹ)/
Letters3
Frequency rank#19
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs20
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “are” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). are lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for are is 3 letters long, classified as a verb, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ə(ɹ)/. Corpus data places it at rank #19 in overall English word frequency, putting it firmly in the everyday core of the language. Wiktionary records 5 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Zero misspellings are on record for are in our index, since its letter pattern doesn't lend itself to common typo substitutions. It also participates in 20 confusable-pair relationships, "as", "at", "aw", and more, a pairing that trips writers up because the two words share enough sound or shape to blur together.

Etymologically, the entry records: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti Proto-Germanic *izi Proto-Germanic *arun Proto-West Germanic *wāʀun Old English earon Middle English aren English are From Middle English aren, from Old English earun, earon (“are”), rein… The correct English form is are, spelled A-R-E.

Definition

  1. 1
    second-person singular simple present of be
  2. 2
    first-person plural simple present of be
  3. 3
    second-person plural simple present of be
  4. 4
    third-person plural simple present of be
  5. 5
    present of be

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti Proto-Germanic *izi Proto-Germanic *arun Proto-West Germanic *wāʀun Old English earon Middle English aren English are From Middle English aren, from Old English earun, earon (“are”), reinforced by Old Norse plural forms in er- (displacing alternative Old English sind and bēoþ), from Proto-Germanic *arun (“(they) are”), from Proto-Germanic *esi/*izi (a form of Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“is”). Cognate with Old Norse eru (“(they) are”) (> Icelandic eru (“(they) are”), Swedish äro (“(they) are”), Danish er (“(they) are”)), Old English eart (“(thou) art”). More at art.

Synonyms

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "are"?
"are" is spelled A-R-E. The IPA pronunciation is /ə(ɹ)/.
What does "are" mean?
As a verb, "are" means: second-person singular simple present of be
What words are commonly confused with "are"?
"are" is commonly confused with "as", "at", "aw". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "are"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "are" is /ə(ɹ)/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "are"?
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti Proto-Germanic *izi Proto-Germanic *arun Proto-West Germanic *wāʀun Old English earon Middle English aren English are From Middle English aren, from Old English earun, earon (“a... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “are”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is A-R-E - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /ə(ɹ)/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “as” - see the side-by-side comparison. are vs as
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list