étaientvsétaisWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: étaient is a verb, étais is a noun, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“étaient” is a verb and “étais” is a noun - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#238
“étaient” frequency rank
#358
“étais” frequency rank
596
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature étaient étais
Definition Troisième personne du pluriel de l’imparfait de être. Pluriel de étai.

Same sound, different letters: étaient vs étais

Muted letters are shared; highlighted letters are the only spelling cue when pronunciation matches. Shared run: 4 letters.

7 ch
étaient
5 ch
étais

Homophone desk: étaient vs étais

Say them out loud and nothing separates them: étaient and étais carry the same recorded pronunciation, \e.tɛ\. Grammar is what tells them apart: one is averb, the other anoun, so most sentences will only accept one of them. They differ by 2 letter(s) in length. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 596, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

étaient is recorded at frequency rank #238, classified as averb, pronounced \e.tɛ\. étais is at rank #358, tagged as anoun, pronounced \e.tɛ\.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 596, this pair ranks #439,409 of 440,172 scored French confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of étaient vs étais

Shared letters: aité. Private to "étaient": en. Private to "étais": s.

"étaient" · 7 letters · shape VCVVVCC  ·  "étais" · 5 letters · shape VCVVC

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swapping "étaient" for "étais" ever safe?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "étaient" is a verb and "étais" a noun, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Frequency check: "étaient" vs "étais" - which ranks higher?
"étaient" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #238 in our French list, against #358 for "étais". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

What to do next

Sound matches; spelling doesn't. Use the exits below to lock the right form or check a cousin pair.

  • Full dictionary entry for "étaient" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "étais" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #439,409 of 440,172 scored French confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "étaient" and "étais" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "étai vs étais". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #439,409 of 440,172 scored French pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list