son

/sʌn/

//sʌn// noun

By · According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA) ·

"son" is a 3-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“son” is in the everyday core of English, ranked #534 in English word frequency and used as a noun.

#534
frequency rank, English
3
letters
20
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - One's male offspring.

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

son vs SS
0% similar
son vs SP
0% similar
son vs su
33% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for son
PropertyValue
Headwordson
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechNoun
IPA/sʌn/
Letters3
Frequency rank#534
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs20
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “son” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). son lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for son is 3 letters long, classified as a noun, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /sʌn/. Corpus data places it at rank #534 in overall English word frequency, putting it firmly in the everyday core of the language. Wiktionary records 8 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

We couldn't generate a plausible misspelling set for son, which points to an orthography that plays by predictable English rules. It also participates in 20 confusable-pair relationships, "SS", "SP", "su", and more, where similar look or sound leads writers to substitute one word for another in context.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English sonn, sone, sun, sune, from Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to bear; give birth”). The correct English form is son, spelled S-O-N.

Definition

  1. 1
    One's male offspring.
  2. 2
    A male adopted person in relation to his adoptive parents.
  3. 3
    A male person who has such a close relationship with an older or otherwise more authoritative person that he can be regarded as a son of the other person.
  4. 4
    A male person considered to have been significantly shaped by social conflict.
  5. 5
    A person regarded as the product of some place.
  6. 6
    A familiar address to a male person from an older or otherwise more authoritative person.
  7. 7
    An informal address to a friend or person of equal authority.
  8. 8
    The current version of a file, derived from the preceding father file.

Etymology

From Middle English sonn, sone, sun, sune, from Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to bear; give birth”).

Synonyms

boylad

Antonyms

daughterfathermotherparent

This word in other languages

hijo(Español)fils(Français)Sohn(Deutsch)filho(Português)

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "son"?
"son" is spelled S-O-N. The IPA pronunciation is /sʌn/.
What does "son" mean?
As a noun, "son" means: One's male offspring.
What words are commonly confused with "son"?
"son" is commonly confused with "SS", "SP", "su". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "son"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "son" is /sʌn/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "son"?
From Middle English sonn, sone, sun, sune, from Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to bear; give birth”). See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “son”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is S-O-N - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /sʌn/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “SS” - see the side-by-side comparison. son vs SS
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list