retrograde

/ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd/

//ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd// adj

"retrograde" is a 10-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“retrograde” is a moderately-common English word, ranked #25,906 in English word frequency and used as an adjective.

#25,906
frequency rank, English
10
letters
15
tracked misspellings

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Directed or moving backwards in relation to the normal or previous direction of travel; retreating.

Key facts for retrograde
PropertyValue
Headwordretrograde
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdjective
IPA/ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd/
Letters10
Frequency rank#25,906
Misspellings tracked15
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “retrograde” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). retrograde lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for retrograde is 10 letters long, classified as an adjective, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd/. Corpus data places it at rank #25,906 in overall English word frequency, marking it as uncommon enough that many writers pause before typing it. Wiktionary records 13 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our generated misspelling index lists 15 likely wrong-spelling variants for retrograde, with forms such as "ertrograde", "rertograde", and "retorgrade". Every one of these variants traces to a single-character edit -- an added or dropped letter, a swapped consonant, or a vowel swap -- the kind of slip a spell-checker is built to catch. It is not paired with a close-neighbour confusable in our dataset, a sign it's visually distinctive enough not to be mixed up with another word.

Etymologically, the entry records: The adjective is derived from Middle English retrograd, retrograde (“of a planet: appearing to move in a direction opposite to the order of the zodiac signs, retrograde; unfortunate”), from Middle French retrograde and Old French retrograde (“of a celestial… The correct English form is retrograde, spelled R-E-T-R-O-G-R-A-D-E.

Definition

  1. 1
    Directed or moving backwards in relation to the normal or previous direction of travel; retreating.
  2. 2
    Reverting to an inferior or less developed state; declining, regressing.
  3. 3
    Reverting to an inferior or less developed state; declining, regressing.
  4. 4
    Of the order of something: inverse, reverse.
  5. 5
    Of the order of something: inverse, reverse.
  6. 6
    Of ideas or a person: opposing social reform, favouring the maintenance of the status quo; conservative.
  7. 7
    Involving a return to or a retracing of a previous course of travel.
  8. 8
    Counterproductive to a desired outcome; contradictory, contrary.
  9. 9
    Of a celestial body orbiting another: in the opposite direction to the orbited body's spin.
  10. 10
    Of a celestial body: seeming to move across the sky in the opposite direction from its ordinary movement.
  11. 11
    Of a metamorphic change: resulting from a decrease in pressure or temperature.
  12. 12
    Of amnesia: relating to the period leading up to the episode which caused it.
  13. 13
    Of verse: reading the same forwards or backwards; palindromic.

Etymology

The adjective is derived from Middle English retrograd, retrograde (“of a planet: appearing to move in a direction opposite to the order of the zodiac signs, retrograde; unfortunate”), from Middle French retrograde and Old French retrograde (“of a celestial object: appearing to move backwards; moving backwards; reverse; palindromic; opposed to change”) (modern French rétrograde), and from their etymon Latin retrōgradus (“of a celestial object: appearing to move backwards”) (compare Late Latin retrōgradus (“reverse; palindromic”)), from retrō (“back, backwards; behind; before, formerly”) + gradus (“pace, step”). By surface analysis, retro- + -grade. The adverb and noun are derived from the adjective.

Antonyms

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: ertrograde,rertograde,retorgrade,retrgorade,retrogarde,retroggrade,retrogradde,retrograed,retrogrdae,retrogrrade,retrorgade,retrrograde,rettrograde,rretrograde,rterograde

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of retrograde - measured in single-character edits (insert, delete, or substitute a letter). Larger bars are easier to catch; one-edit slips are the sneakiest.

ertrograde2rertograde2retorgrade2retrgorade2retrogarde2retroggrade1retrogradde1retrograed2
Edit distance from "retrograde"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "retrograde"?
"retrograde" is spelled R-E-T-R-O-G-R-A-D-E. The IPA pronunciation is /ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd/.
What does "retrograde" mean?
As an adjective, "retrograde" means: Directed or moving backwards in relation to the normal or previous direction of travel; retreating.
What are common misspellings of "retrograde"?
Common misspellings include "ertrograde", "rertograde", "retorgrade", "retrgorade", "retrogarde". The correct spelling is "retrograde".
How do you pronounce "retrograde"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "retrograde" is /ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "retrograde"?
The adjective is derived from Middle English retrograd, retrograde (“of a planet: appearing to move in a direction opposite to the order of the zodiac signs, retrograde; unfortunate”), from Middle French retrograde and Old French retrograde (“of a... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “retrograde”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is R-E-T-R-O-G-R-A-D-E - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ɡɹeɪd/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list