down
/ˈdaʊ̯n/adverb, preposition, adjective, verb, noun
down is spelled D-O-W-N: 4 letters and one syllable. It appears 759 times per million words in written English, the 140th most frequent word form (wordfreq, 2021 data). As an adverb, down means “From a higher position to a lower one; downwards” (English Wiktionary, September 2026).
How many letters and syllables are in down?
| Letters | 4: D-O-W-N |
|---|---|
| Syllables | 1 |
| In writing | 759 times per million words; the 140th most frequent word form |
| Wrong spellings searched | none measured in search |
| Rhymes with |
Sources: letters and syllables from the English Wiktionary's hyphenation or pronunciation; written frequency: wordfreq 3.1 (a 2021 snapshot of Wikipedia, subtitles, news, books, web text and social media); rhymes and same-letter words are computed by PlainSpell from its own word list.
How common is down?
Down appears 759 times per million words in written English, the 140th most frequent word form in the list.
Source: written frequency: wordfreq 3.1 (a 2021 snapshot of Wikipedia, subtitles, news, books, web text and social media).
How do you pronounce down?
- US /ˈdaʊ̯n/
- /ˈdʌʊ̯n/
- [dəu̯n]
Down has one syllable.
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract). Recordings: En-us-down.ogg, Wikimedia Commons (author and licence on each file's page).
What rhymes with down?
8 words on PlainSpell end in the same sounds as down from its last stressed vowel (/aʊn/):
Computed by PlainSpell from the pronunciations in the English Wiktionary (dump of September 2, 2026): a rhyme shares every sound from the last stressed vowel to the end; ordered by written frequency (wordfreq 3.1).
Forms of down
- further down comparative
- farther down comparative
- furthest down superlative
- farthest down superlative
- doon
- more down comparative
- most down superlative
- downs present, singular, he/she/it, plural
- downing participle, present
- downed participle, past
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).
What does down mean?
The meanings the English Wiktionary records, quoted as written there (source below).
adverb
- 1
From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
The cat jumped down from the table.
- 2
To or towards what is considered the bottom of something, irrespective of whether this is presently physically lower.
Go down to the bottom of the page.
- 3
At a lower or further place or position along a set path.
His place is farther down the road.
- 4
To the south (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
I went down to Miami for a conference.
- 5
Away from the city (regardless of direction).
He went down to Cavan.
- 6
At or towards any place that is visualised as 'down' by virtue of local features or local convention, or arbitrarily, irrespective of direction or elevation change.
She lives down by the park.
- 7
Forward, straight ahead.
At the first intersection turn left and walk down, then turn right.
- 8
In the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
preposition
- 1
From the higher end to the lower of.
The ball rolled down the hill.
- 2
From north to south of.
We sailed down the eastern seaboard.
- 3
Towards the mouth of (a river); in the direction of flow of.
In this game we float sticks down the river.
- 4
From one end to another of (in any direction); along.
The bus went down the street.
- 5
IrelandUKAt (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
I'll see you later down the pub.
- 6
IrelandUKTo (a given place that is seen as removed from one's present location or other point of reference).
I'm going down the shops.
adjective
- 1
Facing downwards.
Turn the cloth over so that the patterned side is down.
- 2
At a lower level than before.
The stock market is down.
- 3
informalSad, unhappy, depressed, feeling low.
Mary seems very down since she split up with her boyfriend.
- 4
Sick or ill.
He is down with the flu.
- 5
slangWounded and unable to move normally, or killed.
We have an officer down outside the suspect's house.
- 6
Stranded in a recumbent position; unable to stand.
a down cow
- 7
slangMechanically failed, collided, shot down, or otherwise suddenly unable to fly.
We have a chopper down near the river.
- 8
Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
The system is down.
verb
- 1
To knock (someone or something) down; to cause to come down; to fell.
The storm downed several old trees along the highway.
- 2
Specifically, to cause (something in the air) to fall to the ground; to bring down (with a missile etc.).
The helicopter was downed by a surface-to-air missile.
- 3
To lower; to put (something) down.
The bell rang for lunch, and the workers downed their tools.
- 4
To defeat; to overpower.
- 5
colloquialTo disparage; to put down.
- 6
obsoleterareTo go or come down; to descend.
- 7
colloquialTo drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
He downed an ale and ordered another.
- 8
To render (the ball) dead, typically by touching the ground while in possession.
He downed it at the seven-yard line.
- 9
To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down.
noun
- 1
A negative aspect; a downer, a downside.
I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.
- 2
datedA grudge (on someone).
- 3
A downer, depressant.
- 4
An act of swallowing an entire drink at once.
- 5
A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.
- 6
A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.
- 7
The shift or period of time during which a dealer manages a given table before rotating to the next table at a casino or cardroom, which is often 30 minutes.
- 8
A downstairs room of a two-story house.
She lives in a two-up two-down.
- 9
AustraliaA hill; in England, especially a chalk hill.
We went for a walk over the downs.
- 10
A field, especially one used for horse racing.
- 11
UKA tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep.
- 12
Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
- 13
The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, such as the thistle.
- 14
The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
- 15
That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down.
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).
How do you abbreviate down?
Wiktionary records 3 abbreviations of down: D, d, dn.
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).
Down in Spanish, French, German and Portuguese
| Language | Words |
|---|---|
| French | à bas, en bas , sud , couché, descends, descendez |
| German | runter, herunter, hinunter , geradeaus , ab , unten |
| Portuguese | abaixo, para baixo, juso , embaixo , por , fora |
| Spanish | (para) abajo , abajo , por , que no está funcionando/funcando , plumón, flojel |
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract). Translations are Wiktionary's, by sense; a linked word has its own PlainSpell page.
Where does down come from?
From Middle English doun, doune (“down”), from Old English dūne (“down”), aphetic form of adūne (“down, downward”), from earlier ofdūne (“down”, literally “off the hill”), from of (“of, off of”) + dūn (“hill, mount, dune, down”). More at Etymology 2 below. For the development from directional phrases to prepositions, compare Old Frisian dene (“down”, adverb, literally “(to the) floor”), Middle Low German dāle (“down, downwards”, literally “(in/to the) dale/valley”), whence German Low German dal (“down”).
Source: English Wiktionary, dump of September 2, 2026 (CC BY-SA 4.0), through kaikki.org (Wiktextract).