hamvshãoWhich spelling fits?

Quick tell: ham is a noun, hão is a verb, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“ham” is a noun and “hão” is a verb - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#19,746
“ham” frequency rank
#24,033
“hão” frequency rank
43779
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature ham hão
Definition pernil terceira pessoa do plural do presente do indicativo do verbo haver

Where the eye mixes ham and hão

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence.

3 ch
ham
3 ch
hão

Look-alike desk: ham vs hão

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: ham is /hæm/ while hão is /ˈɐ̃w̃/ [ˈɐ̃ʊ̯̃]. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 2 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (noun vs verb), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 43779, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

ham is recorded at frequency rank #19,746, classified as anoun, pronounced /hæm/. hão is at rank #24,033, tagged as averb, pronounced /ˈɐ̃w̃/ [ˈɐ̃ʊ̯̃].

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 43779, this pair ranks #21,812 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of ham vs hão

Shared letters: h. Private to "ham": am. Private to "hão": .

"ham" · 3 letters · shape CVC  ·  "hão" · 3 letters · shape CVV

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "ham" and "hão" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "ham" is a noun and "hão" a verb, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
In ordinary Portuguese text, does "ham" or "hão" show up more?
"ham" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #19,746 in our Portuguese list, against #24,033 for "hão". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

Useful next steps

Pronunciation already separates them, if the page still looks alike, the dictionary links below settle it.

  • Full dictionary entry for "ham" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "hão" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #21,812 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "ham" and "hão" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "ham vs hamza". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #21,812 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list