turn
/tɜːn/
"turn" is a 4-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.
The verdict
“turn” is in the everyday core of English, ranked #484 in English word frequency and used as a verb.
- #484
- frequency rank, English
- 4
- letters
- 6
- tracked misspellings
- 20
- confusable pairs
According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - To make a non-linear physical movement.
Visual similarity to commonly confused words
How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).
Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Headword | turn |
| Language | English |
| Part of speech | Verb |
| IPA | /tɜːn/ |
| Letters | 4 |
| Frequency rank | #484 |
| Misspellings tracked | 6 |
| Confusable pairs | 20 |
| Source | Wiktionary (kaikki.org) |
Where “turn” sits in English frequency
Spelling & Dictionary Insight
The English entry for turn is 4 letters long, classified as a verb, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /tɜːn/. Corpus data places it at rank #484 in overall English word frequency, putting it firmly in the everyday core of the language. Wiktionary records 34 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.
Our generated misspelling index lists 6 likely wrong-spelling variants for turn, with forms such as "trun", "tturn", and "tunr". Every one of these variants traces to a single-character edit -- an added or dropped letter, a swapped consonant, or a vowel swap -- the kind of slip a spell-checker is built to catch. It also participates in 20 confusable-pair relationships, "tut", "tux", "Tyr", and more, since the words sound or look close enough that writers reach for the wrong one mid-sentence.
Etymologically, the entry records: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-der. Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos)bor. Latin tornus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin tornōbor. Proto-West G… The correct English form is turn, spelled T-U-R-N.
Definition
- 1To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 2To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 3To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 4To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 5To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 6To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 7To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 8To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 9To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 10To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 11To make a non-linear physical movement.
- 12To change condition or attitude.
- 13To change condition or attitude.
- 14To change condition or attitude.
- 15To change condition or attitude.
- 16To change condition or attitude.
- 17To change condition or attitude.
- 18To change condition or attitude.
- 19To change condition or attitude.
- 20To change condition or attitude.
- 21To change condition or attitude.
- 22To change condition or attitude.
- 23To change condition or attitude.
- 24To change condition or attitude.
- 25To change condition or attitude.
- 26To change one's course of action; to take a new approach.
- 27To complete.
- 28To make (money); turn a profit.
- 29Of a player, to go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.
- 30To undergo the process of turning on a lathe.
- 31To bring down the feet of a child in the womb, in order to facilitate delivery.
- 32To invert a type of the same thickness, as a temporary substitute for any sort which is exhausted.
- 33To translate.
- 34To magically or divinely repel undead.
Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-der. Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos)bor. Latin tornus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti Proto-Italic *-āō Latin -ō Latin tornōbor. Proto-West Germanic *turnēn Old English turnian ▲ Latin tornō Old French tornerbor. Middle English turnen English turn From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”), from Proto-West Germanic *turnēn (“to turn, lathe”) (also the source of German turnen and its derivatives) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin tornāre (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, wind”), whence English throw. Displaced native Middle English wenden from Old English wendan (see wend), and Middle English trenden from Old English trendan (see trend), among several other terms.
This word in other languages
Common misspellings
Also misspelled as: trun,tturn,tunr,turnn,turrn,utrn
Misspelling Pattern Breakdown
How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of turn - measured in single-character edits (insert, delete, or substitute a letter). Larger bars are easier to catch; one-edit slips are the sneakiest.
Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Using “turn”
The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.
- The one correct English spelling is T-U-R-N - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
- Say it as /tɜːn/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
- Don't mix it up with “tut” - see the side-by-side comparison. turn vs tut
- Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source
Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.