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stone

Definition, pronunciation, etymology, and usage for the English word. Free spelling reference powered by Wiktionary.

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5 characters

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English

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Detailed reference entry for the English word "stone", 5-letters, with pronunciation in International Phonetic Alphabet notation, etymology traced through Germanic and Romance roots where applicable, common misspelling variants catalogued from Hunspell error dictionaries, and usage frequency ranked against the top 100,000 English words in the Wordfreq corpus. PlainSpell covers English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, and German spelling with confusable-pair detection that highlights visually and phonetically similar words. This entry for "stone" includes synonyms, antonyms, homophones, and cross-language translation pointers sourced from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org extract. Whether you are verifying the correct spelling of "stone" for academic writing, checking homophone confusion, or exploring etymological origins, this page provides a citation-backed, free reference that requires no sign-up.

stone is aEnglishnoun. It means: A hard earthen substance that can form rocks; especially, such substance when regarded as a building material. Pronounced /stəʊ̯n/. It ranks #1,676 in English word frequency. Often confused with stop and stun.

Key facts for stone
PropertyValue
Headwordstone
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechNoun
IPA/stəʊ̯n/
Letters5
Frequency rank#1,676
Misspellings tracked7
Confusable pairs20
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Frequency rank visualization

Position of stone in English word frequency (lower rank = more common)

Source: Wordfreq corpus

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for stone is 5 letters long, classified as anoun, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /stəʊ̯n/. Corpus data places it at rank #1,676 in overall English word frequency, indicating it appears regularly in written and spoken text.Wiktionary records 13 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our Hunspell-derived misspelling index lists 7 documented wrong-spelling variants for stone, with forms such as "sotne", "sstone", and "stnoe". Each variant represents a distinct typo pattern that appears often enough in corpora to be worth flagging, typically a doubled-consonant error, a silent-letter drop, or a vowel substitution.It also participates in 20 confusable-pair relationships, "stop", "stun", "stow", and more, where similar look or sound leads writers to substitute one word for another in context.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English ston, stone, stan, from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognates Cognate with Scots stane (“stone”), Yola sthoan (“stone”), Nort… Root origin matters for spelling because borrowed morphemes (Greek, Latin, Old French, Old English) carry their source-language orthographic conventions into modern English, which is why historical etymology is often the cleanest predictor of whether a cluster like "-ough", "-eau", or "-tion" will appear. For readers arriving here from a spelling check, the authoritative guidance is: the correct English form is stone, spelled S-T-O-N-E, and any other sequence of those letters, regardless of how natural it feels, is a misspelling in standard orthography.

Definition

  1. 1
    A hard earthen substance that can form rocks; especially, such substance when regarded as a building material.
  2. 2
    A piece of such material: a rock or a pebble.
  3. 3
    A gemstone, a jewel, especially a diamond.
  4. 4
    A unit of weight equal to 14 pounds (≈6.3503 kilograms), formerly used for various commodities (wool, cheese, etc.), but now principally used for personal weight. Abbreviated as st.
  5. 5
    The central part of some fruits, particularly drupes; consisting of the seed and a hard endocarp layer.
  6. 6
    A hard, stone-like deposit.
  7. 7
    A playing piece made of any hard material, used in various board games such as backgammon and go.
  8. 8
    A dull light grey or beige, like that of some stones.
  9. 9
    A 42-pound, precisely shaped piece of granite with a handle attached, which is bowled down the ice.
  10. 10
    A monument to the dead; a gravestone or tombstone.
  11. 11
    A mirror, or its glass.
  12. 12
    A testicle.
  13. 13
    A stand or table with a smooth, flat top of stone, commonly marble, on which to arrange the pages of a book, newspaper, etc. before printing.

Etymology

From Middle English ston, stone, stan, from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognates Cognate with Scots stane (“stone”), Yola sthoan (“stone”), North Frisian stean, stian, stiin, stiinj (“stone”), Saterland Frisian Steen (“stone”), West Frisian stien (“stone”), Alemannic German Steei (“rock, stone”), Bavarian Staa (“rock, stone”), Central Franconian Steen, Stään (“stone”), Dutch steen (“stone”), German Stein (“rock, stone”), German Low German Steen, Stein (“stone”), Luxembourgish Steen (“stone”), Vilamovian śtan (“stone”), Yiddish שטיין (shteyn, “stone”), Danish and Swedish sten (“stone”), Elfdalian stien (“stone”), Faroese steinur (“stone”), Gutnish stain (“rock, stone”), Icelandic steinn (“rock, stone”), Norwegian Bokmål stein, sten (“stone”), Norwegian Nynorsk steidn, stein (“stone”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (stains, “stone”). Compare also Ancient Greek στία (stía, “pebble”), στέαρ (stéar, “tallow”), Lithuanian sténgti (“to be able, make an effort; to oppose”), Russian стена́ (stená, “wall”), Albanian shtëng (“hardened or pressed matter”), Sanskrit स्तिया (stiyā, “still or stagnant water”). Doublet of stain, stean, and stein.

Synonyms

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: sotne,sstone,stnoe,stoen,stonne,sttone,tsone

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

Relative frequency of common misspelling types for stone

Misspelling Variants of "stone"

sotne5sstone6stnoe5stoen5stonne6sttone6tsone5
Misspelling Variants of "stone"

Frequency rank: #1,676 in English

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "stone"?
"stone" is spelled S-T-O-N-E. The IPA pronunciation is /stəʊ̯n/.
What does "stone" mean?
As a noun, "stone" means: A hard earthen substance that can form rocks; especially, such substance when regarded as a building material.
What words are commonly confused with "stone"?
"stone" is commonly confused with "stop", "stun", "stow". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "stone"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "stone" is /stəʊ̯n/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "stone"?
From Middle English ston, stone, stan, from Old English stān, from Proto-West Germanic *stain, from Proto-Germanic *stainaz (“stone”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyh₂- (“to stiffen”). Cognates Cognate with Scots stane (“stone”), Yola sthoan (“sto... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Nearby English words

Other entries that begin with the letter S in our English index:

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Data Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Frequency data from Wordfreq. Misspellings derived from Hunspell dictionaries.