English Word Reference Free

extinct

Definition, pronunciation, etymology, and usage for the English word. Free spelling reference powered by Wiktionary.

Letters

7 characters

Language

English

word origin

Source

Wiktionary

open dictionary

Access

Free

no sign-up needed

Detailed reference entry for the English word "extinct", 7-letters, with pronunciation in International Phonetic Alphabet notation, etymology traced through Germanic and Romance roots where applicable, common misspelling variants catalogued from Hunspell error dictionaries, and usage frequency ranked against the top 100,000 English words in the Wordfreq corpus. PlainSpell covers English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, and German spelling with confusable-pair detection that highlights visually and phonetically similar words. This entry for "extinct" includes synonyms, antonyms, homophones, and cross-language translation pointers sourced from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org extract. Whether you are verifying the correct spelling of "extinct" for academic writing, checking homophone confusion, or exploring etymological origins, this page provides a citation-backed, free reference that requires no sign-up.

extinct is anEnglishadj. It means: Of fire, etc.: no longer alight; of a light, etc.: no longer shining; extinguished, quenched. Pronounced /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/. Often confused with extract and extent.

Key facts for extinct
PropertyValue
Headwordextinct
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdj
IPA/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
Letters7
Frequency rank#11,889
Misspellings tracked11
Confusable pairs3
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Frequency rank visualization

Position of extinct in English word frequency (lower rank = more common)

Source: Wordfreq corpus

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for extinct is 7 letters long, classified as anadj, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/. Corpus data places it at rank #11,889 in overall English word frequency, marking it as uncommon enough that many writers pause before typing it.Wiktionary records 7 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our Hunspell-derived misspelling index lists 11 documented wrong-spelling variants for extinct, with forms such as "etxinct", "exitnct", and "exticnt". Each variant represents a distinct typo pattern that appears often enough in corpora to be worth flagging, typically a doubled-consonant error, a silent-letter drop, or a vowel substitution.It also participates in 3 confusable-pair relationships, "extract", "extent", "extant", where similar look or sound leads writers to substitute one word for another in context.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Late Middle English extinct (“eliminated, eradicated, extinguished”), from Latin extīnctus, exstīnctus (“extinguished, quenched; destroyed, killed; made extinct”), the perfect passive participles of extinguō, exstinguō (“to extinguish, put out, quench;… Root origin matters for spelling because borrowed morphemes (Greek, Latin, Old French, Old English) carry their source-language orthographic conventions into modern English, which is why historical etymology is often the cleanest predictor of whether a cluster like "-ough", "-eau", or "-tion" will appear. For readers arriving here from a spelling check, the authoritative guidance is: the correct English form is extinct, spelled E-X-T-I-N-C-T, and any other sequence of those letters, regardless of how natural it feels, is a misspelling in standard orthography.

Definition

  1. 1
    Of fire, etc.: no longer alight; of a light, etc.: no longer shining; extinguished, quenched.
  2. 2
    Of feelings, a person's spirit, a state of affairs, etc.: put out, as if like a fire; quenched, suppressed.
  3. 3
    Of customs, ideas, laws and legal rights, offices, organizations, languages, etc.: no longer existing or in use; defunct, discontinued, obsolete; specifically, of a title of nobility: no longer having any person qualified to hold it.
  4. 4
    Of an animal or plant species or group of species, a group of people, a family, etc., having no living members, representatives, or descendants.
  5. 5
    Of a geological feature: no longer active; specifically, of a volcano: no longer erupting.
  6. 6
    Of a radioisotope: no longer occurring primordially due to having decayed away completely, because it has a relatively short half-life.
  7. 7
    Of a person: dead; also, permanently separated from others.

Etymology

From Late Middle English extinct (“eliminated, eradicated, extinguished”), from Latin extīnctus, exstīnctus (“extinguished, quenched; destroyed, killed; made extinct”), the perfect passive participles of extinguō, exstinguō (“to extinguish, put out, quench; (figurative) to abolish; to destroy, kill”), from ex- (prefix meaning ‘away; out’) + stinguō (“to extinguish, put out, quench”) (from Proto-Indo-European *stengʷ- (“to push”)). The Middle English word displaced Middle English aqueint, aquenched (“extinct; extinguished”). Doublet of extinguish.

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: etxinct,exitnct,exticnt,extincct,extinctt,extinnct,extintc,extnict,exttinct,exxtinct,xetinct

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

Relative frequency of common misspelling types for extinct

Misspelling Variants of "extinct"

etxinct7exitnct7exticnt7extincct8extinctt8extinnct8extintc7extnict7
Misspelling Variants of "extinct"

Frequency rank: #11,889 in English

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "extinct"?
"extinct" is spelled E-X-T-I-N-C-T. The IPA pronunciation is /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/.
What does "extinct" mean?
As an adj, "extinct" means: Of fire, etc.: no longer alight; of a light, etc.: no longer shining; extinguished, quenched.
What words are commonly confused with "extinct"?
"extinct" is commonly confused with "extract", "extent", "extant". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "extinct"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "extinct" is /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "extinct"?
From Late Middle English extinct (“eliminated, eradicated, extinguished”), from Latin extīnctus, exstīnctus (“extinguished, quenched; destroyed, killed; made extinct”), the perfect passive participles of extinguō, exstinguō (“to extinguish, put ou... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Nearby English words

Other entries that begin with the letter E in our English index:

Explore PlainSpell

Data Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Frequency data from Wordfreq. Misspellings derived from Hunspell dictionaries.