Which to use
“um” is a preposition and “und” is a conjunction - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.
- #49
- “um” frequency rank
- #3
- “und” frequency rank
- 52
- confusion score
Side-by-Side Comparison
| Feature | um | und |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | bezeichnet eine Lage in Bezug zu etwas oder jemanden – wo? | verbindet allgemein Satzteile und Sätze; kann Satzzeichen (Komma, Semikolon, Punkt, Doppelpunkt, Ausrufezeichen und Fragezeichen) ersetzen, ermöglicht Aufzählung, Beiordnung, Ergänzung, Summierung und Hinzufügung |
Where the spellings diverge
Shared letters are muted; the letters that actually set um and und apart are highlighted. They share 1 letter in sequence, which is exactly why the eye skips the difference.
Spelling & Dictionary Insight
um and und form a confusable pair in the German index, two distinct headwords that are easily confused because they look alike, sound alike, or both. They differ by 1 letter(s) in length - close enough that the eye skips over the difference, far enough that meaning fully diverges. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 52, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.
um is recorded at frequency rank #49, classified as aprep, pronounced [ʊm]. und is at rank #3, tagged as aconj, pronounced [ʊnt].
Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.
With a confusion score of 52, this pair ranks #2,006,324 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.
Frequency comparison
Frequently Asked Questions
Can "um" and "und" be used interchangeably?
Remembering um vs und
The fastest way to pick the right one every time.
- Check the role first: if you need a preposition, it's “um”; for a conjunction, it's “und”.
- See each word in full, definition, IPA, etymology and its other confusables. Full “um” entry
- Browse more pairs most likely to be confused. Most confusable