themvstomWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: them is a pronoun, tom is an adjective, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“them” is a pronoun and “tom” is an adjective - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#15,759
“them” frequency rank
#2,521
“tom” frequency rank
18280
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature them tom
Definition Personalpronomen 3. Person Plural Objektform: ihnen, sie ohne Inhalt; leer

Where the eye mixes them and tom

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 2 letters in sequence.

4 ch
them
3 ch
tom

Why the eye confuses them with tom

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: them is [ðɛm] while tom is [tum]. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 1 letter(s) in length, and the parts of speech differ too (pronoun vs adjective), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 18280, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

them is recorded at frequency rank #15,759, classified as apron, pronounced [ðɛm]. tom is at rank #2,521, tagged as anadj, pronounced [tum].

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 18280, this pair ranks #1,919,728 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of them vs tom

Shared letters: mt. Private to "them": eh. Private to "tom": o.

"them" · 4 letters · shape CCVC  ·  "tom" · 3 letters · shape CVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • themhtem · tehm · themm · thhem · thme · tthem

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "them" and "tom" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "them" is a pronoun and "tom" an adjective, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "them" or "tom"?
"tom" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #2,521 in our German list, against #15,759 for "them". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

Useful next steps

Eye-level mix-up between "them" and "tom" is sorted above. Next: full entries or other pairs that share a letter shape.

  • Full dictionary entry for "them" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "tom" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #1,919,728 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "them" and "tom" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "them vs thy". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #1,919,728 of 2,006,359 scored German pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list