semvssieConfusable pair

Quick tell: sem is a preposition, sie is a pronoun, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“sem” is a preposition and “sie” is a pronoun - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#69
“sem” frequency rank
#40,788
“sie” frequency rank
40857
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature sem sie
Definition indicativa de carência ou ausência ela, pronome pessoal feminino do caso nominativo da terceira pessoa do singular:

Where the eye mixes sem and sie

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 2 letters in sequence.

3 ch
sem
3 ch
sie

Look-alike desk: sem vs sie

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: sem is /sɐ̃j̃/ while sie is /zi:/ ouvir^(fonte ?) ouvir^(fonte ?). Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 2 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (preposition vs pronoun), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 40857, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

sem is recorded at frequency rank #69, classified as aprep, pronounced /sɐ̃j̃/. sie is at rank #40,788, tagged as apron, pronounced /zi:/ ouvir^(fonte ?) ouvir^(fonte ?).

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 40857, this pair ranks #25,179 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of sem vs sie

Shared letters: es. Private to "sem": m. Private to "sie": i.

"sem" · 3 letters · shape CVC  ·  "sie" · 3 letters · shape CVV

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swapping "sem" for "sie" ever safe?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "sem" is a preposition and "sie" a pronoun, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
In ordinary Portuguese text, does "sem" or "sie" show up more?
"sem" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #69 in our Portuguese list, against #40,788 for "sie". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

What to do next

Visual near-miss handled. Browse the word pages or a neighbour when the next look-alike shows up.

  • Full dictionary entry for "sem" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "sie" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #25,179 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "sem" and "sie" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "Sau vs sie". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #25,179 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list