sãovsSauWhich spelling fits?

Quick tell: são is a adjective, Sau is a noun, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“são” is an adjective and “Sau” is a noun - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#34
“são” frequency rank
#49,171
“Sau” frequency rank
49205
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature são Sau
Definition saudável porco

Where the eye mixes são and Sau

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence. são and Sau follow the identical consonant-vowel pattern (CVV). Same shape at a glance is often the real trap, independent of shared letters.

3 ch
são
3 ch
Sau

Why the eye confuses são with Sau

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: são is /ˈsɐ̃w̃/ while Sau is /zaʊ̯/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 2 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (adjective vs noun), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 49205, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

são is recorded at frequency rank #34, classified as anadj, pronounced /ˈsɐ̃w̃/. Sau is at rank #49,171, tagged as anoun, pronounced /zaʊ̯/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 49205, this pair ranks #15,855 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - among the most confusable pairs.

Orthographic DNA of são vs Sau

Shared letters: s. Private to "são": oã. Private to "Sau": au.

"são" · 3 letters · shape CVV  ·  "Sau" · 3 letters · shape CVV

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "são" and "Sau" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "são" is an adjective and "Sau" a noun, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Frequency check: "são" vs "Sau" - which ranks higher?
"são" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #34 in our Portuguese list, against #49,171 for "Sau". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Useful next steps

Visual near-miss handled. Browse the word pages or a neighbour when the next look-alike shows up.

  • Full dictionary entry for "são" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "Sau" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #15,855 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "são" and "Sau" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "Sau vs soap". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #15,855 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list