retina

/ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/

//ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə// noun

"retina" is a 6-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“retina” is a moderately-common English word, ranked #17,227 in English word frequency and used as a noun.

#17,227
frequency rank, English
6
letters
7
tracked misspellings
18
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is ...

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

retina vs Rina
50% similar
retina vs retire
67% similar
retina vs rewind
67% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for retina
PropertyValue
Headwordretina
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechNoun
IPA/ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/
Letters6
Frequency rank#17,227
Misspellings tracked7
Confusable pairs18
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “retina” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). retina lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for retina is 6 letters long, classified as a noun, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/. Corpus data places it at rank #17,227 in overall English word frequency, marking it as uncommon enough that many writers pause before typing it. The dominant gloss from Wiktionary reads: "The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is ...".

Our generated misspelling index lists 7 likely wrong-spelling variants for retina, with forms such as "ertina", "reitna", and "retinna". Each of these forms differs from the correct spelling by one small edit: a doubled letter, a dropped silent letter, or a substituted vowel. It also participates in 18 confusable-pair relationships, "Rina", "retire", "rewind", and more, since the words sound or look close enough that writers reach for the wrong one mid-sentence.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English rethina, borrowing from Medieval Latin rētīna (“retina”, feminine noun), ellipsis of tunica rētīna (“net-like tunic”), used to describe the blood vessel system at the back of the eye. The phrase is attested in the 12th century in Guillel… The correct English form is retina, spelled R-E-T-I-N-A.

Definition

  1. 1
    The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is formed.

Etymology

From Middle English rethina, borrowing from Medieval Latin rētīna (“retina”, feminine noun), ellipsis of tunica rētīna (“net-like tunic”), used to describe the blood vessel system at the back of the eye. The phrase is attested in the 12th century in Guillelmus the abbot and Gerard of Cremona—the latter may have created this phrase as a translation for Arabic طَبَقَة شَبَكِيَّة (ṭabaqa šabakiyya) "net-like layer", which translates Ancient Greek ἀμφιβληστροειδής χῐτών (amphiblēstroeidḗs khĭtṓn, “retina”), which is attested in the ancient medical writer Galen.

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: ertina,reitna,retinna,retnia,rettina,rretina,rteina

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of retina - expressed in single-character edits (insert, delete, or swap one letter). Bigger bars stand out at a glance; a one-edit slip is the hardest to catch.

ertina2reitna2retinna1retnia2rettina1rretina1rteina2
Edit distance from "retina"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "retina"?
"retina" is spelled R-E-T-I-N-A. The IPA pronunciation is /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/.
What does "retina" mean?
As a noun, "retina" means: The thin layer of cells at the back of the eyeball that contains rods and cones sensitive to light, which trigger nerve impulses that pass via the optic nerve to the brain, where a visual image is ...
What words are commonly confused with "retina"?
"retina" is commonly confused with "Rina", "retire", "rewind". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "retina"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "retina" is /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "retina"?
From Middle English rethina, borrowing from Medieval Latin rētīna (“retina”, feminine noun), ellipsis of tunica rētīna (“net-like tunic”), used to describe the blood vessel system at the back of the eye. The phrase is attested in the 12th century ... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “retina”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is R-E-T-I-N-A - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /ˈɹɛt.ɪ.nə/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “Rina” - see the side-by-side comparison. retina vs Rina
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list