passive

/ˈpæs.ɪv/

//ˈpæs.ɪv// adj

"passive" is a 7-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“passive” is a regularly-used English word, ranked #6,818 in English word frequency and used as an adjective.

#6,818
frequency rank, English
7
letters
8
tracked misspellings
7
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Being subjected to an action without producing a reaction.

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

passive vs pastime
71% similar
passive vs pensive
71% similar
passive vs Passover
63% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for passive
PropertyValue
Headwordpassive
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdjective
IPA/ˈpæs.ɪv/
Letters7
Frequency rank#6,818
Misspellings tracked8
Confusable pairs7
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “passive” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). passive lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for passive is 7 letters long, classified as an adjective, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ˈpæs.ɪv/. Corpus data places it at rank #6,818 in overall English word frequency, indicating it appears regularly in written and spoken text. Wiktionary records 8 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our generated misspelling index lists 8 likely wrong-spelling variants for passive, with forms such as "apssive", "pasisve", and "pasive". Every one of these variants traces to a single-character edit -- an added or dropped letter, a swapped consonant, or a vowel swap -- the kind of slip a spell-checker is built to catch. It also participates in 7 confusable-pair relationships, "pastime", "pensive", "Passover", and more, a pairing that trips writers up because the two words share enough sound or shape to blur together.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English passyf, passyve, from Middle French, French passif, from Latin passivus (“serving to express the suffering of an action; in late Latin literally capable of suffering or feeling”), from passus, past participle of pati (“to suffer”), ultim… The correct English form is passive, spelled P-A-S-S-I-V-E.

Definition

  1. 1
    Being subjected to an action without producing a reaction.
  2. 2
    Taking no action.
  3. 3
    Being in the passive voice.
  4. 4
    Being inactive and submissive in a relationship, especially in a sexual one.
  5. 5
    Not participating in management.
  6. 6
    Without motive power.
  7. 7
    Of a component: that consumes but does not produce energy, or is incapable of power gain.
  8. 8
    Where allowance is made for a possible future event.

Etymology

From Middle English passyf, passyve, from Middle French, French passif, from Latin passivus (“serving to express the suffering of an action; in late Latin literally capable of suffering or feeling”), from passus, past participle of pati (“to suffer”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hurt”); compare patient.

Synonyms

Antonyms

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: apssive,pasisve,pasive,passiev,passivve,passvie,ppassive,psasive

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of passive - counted as single-character edits (an insertion, a deletion, or a substituted letter). The larger the bar, the easier the typo is to spot; one-edit slips are the ones that sneak past readers.

apssive2pasisve2pasive1passiev2passivve1passvie2ppassive1psasive2
Edit distance from "passive"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "passive"?
"passive" is spelled P-A-S-S-I-V-E. The IPA pronunciation is /ˈpæs.ɪv/.
What does "passive" mean?
As an adjective, "passive" means: Being subjected to an action without producing a reaction.
What words are commonly confused with "passive"?
"passive" is commonly confused with "pastime", "pensive", "Passover". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "passive"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "passive" is /ˈpæs.ɪv/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "passive"?
From Middle English passyf, passyve, from Middle French, French passif, from Latin passivus (“serving to express the suffering of an action; in late Latin literally capable of suffering or feeling”), from passus, past participle of pati (“to suffe... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “passive”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is P-A-S-S-I-V-E - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /ˈpæs.ɪv/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “pastime” - see the side-by-side comparison. passive vs pastime
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list