Neanderthal

/niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/

//niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl// adj

"neanderthal" is a 11-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“Neanderthal” is a moderately-common English word, ranked #30,896 in English word frequency and used as an adjective.

#30,896
frequency rank, English
11
letters
17
tracked misspellings

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Of or pertaining to Homo neanderthalensis.

Key facts for Neanderthal
PropertyValue
HeadwordNeanderthal
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdjective
IPA/niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/
Letters11
Frequency rank#30,896
Misspellings tracked17
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “Neanderthal” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). Neanderthal lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for Neanderthal is 11 letters long, classified as an adjective, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/. Corpus data places it at rank #30,896 in overall English word frequency, marking it as uncommon enough that many writers pause before typing it. Wiktionary records 3 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our generated misspelling index lists 17 likely wrong-spelling variants for Neanderthal, with forms such as "enanderthal", "naenderthal", and "neadnerthal". Every one of these variants traces to a single-character edit -- an added or dropped letter, a swapped consonant, or a vowel swap -- the kind of slip a spell-checker is built to catch. This headword has no recorded confusable partner, which usually means its spelling is distinct enough that readers don't reach for a similar-looking word instead.

Etymologically, the entry records: From obsolete German Neanderthal, now spelled Neandertal, the name of a valley (German Tal, older also spelled Thal) near Düsseldorf where the first Neanderthal was discovered in 1856. A hollow near the valley was known as Neanderhöhle (“Neander Hollow”) an… The correct English form is Neanderthal, spelled N-E-A-N-D-E-R-T-H-A-L.

Definition

  1. 1
    Of or pertaining to Homo neanderthalensis.
  2. 2
    Old-fashioned, opposed to change.
  3. 3
    Of or pertaining to the Neander Valley in Germany.

Etymology

From obsolete German Neanderthal, now spelled Neandertal, the name of a valley (German Tal, older also spelled Thal) near Düsseldorf where the first Neanderthal was discovered in 1856. A hollow near the valley was known as Neanderhöhle (“Neander Hollow”) and Neandershöhle (“Neander’s Hollow”) in the early 19th century, and the valley had been renamed to Neanderthal in 1850, in honour of the German Calvinist theologian and hymn writer Joachim Neander (1650–1680). Before, the valley was known as das Gesteins (literally “The Rocks [sg.]”) and Hundsklipp (literally “Dog Cliff”). The name of Joachim Neander is based on the Ancient Greek translation (νέος (néos) + ᾰ̓νήρ (ănḗr)) of his original surname Neumann (“Newman”). The pronunciation with the "th" sound (/θ/) is a spelling pronunciation; the original German word is pronounced with a "t" sound (/t/).

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: enanderthal,naenderthal,neadnerthal,neandderthal,neanderhtal,neanderrthal,neandertahl,neanderthall,neanderthhal,neanderthla,neandertthal,neandetrhal,neandrethal,neanedrthal,neannderthal,nenaderthal,nneanderthal

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of Neanderthal - expressed in single-character edits (insert, delete, or swap one letter). Bigger bars stand out at a glance; a one-edit slip is the hardest to catch.

enanderthal2naenderthal2neadnerthal2neandderthal1neanderhtal2neanderrthal1neandertahl2neanderthall1
Edit distance from "Neanderthal"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "Neanderthal"?
"Neanderthal" is spelled N-E-A-N-D-E-R-T-H-A-L. The IPA pronunciation is /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/.
What does "Neanderthal" mean?
As an adjective, "Neanderthal" means: Of or pertaining to Homo neanderthalensis.
What are common misspellings of "Neanderthal"?
Common misspellings include "enanderthal", "naenderthal", "neadnerthal", "neandderthal", "neanderhtal". The correct spelling is "Neanderthal".
How do you pronounce "Neanderthal"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "Neanderthal" is /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "Neanderthal"?
From obsolete German Neanderthal, now spelled Neandertal, the name of a valley (German Tal, older also spelled Thal) near Düsseldorf where the first Neanderthal was discovered in 1856. A hollow near the valley was known as Neanderhöhle (“Neander H... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “Neanderthal”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is N-E-A-N-D-E-R-T-H-A-L - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /niːˈæn.dəˌtɑːl/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list