English Word Reference Free

hostage

Definition, pronunciation, etymology, and usage for the English word. Free spelling reference powered by Wiktionary.

Letters

7 characters

Language

English

word origin

Source

Wiktionary

open dictionary

Access

Free

no sign-up needed

Detailed reference entry for the English word "hostage", 7-letters, with pronunciation in International Phonetic Alphabet notation, etymology traced through Germanic and Romance roots where applicable, common misspelling variants catalogued from Hunspell error dictionaries, and usage frequency ranked against the top 100,000 English words in the Wordfreq corpus. PlainSpell covers English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, and German spelling with confusable-pair detection that highlights visually and phonetically similar words. This entry for "hostage" includes synonyms, antonyms, homophones, and cross-language translation pointers sourced from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org extract. Whether you are verifying the correct spelling of "hostage" for academic writing, checking homophone confusion, or exploring etymological origins, this page provides a citation-backed, free reference that requires no sign-up.

hostage is aEnglishnoun. It means: A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of the conditions of a treaty or similar agreement, such as to ensure the status of a vassal. Pronounced /ˈhɒs.tɪd͡ʒ/. It ranks #8,301 in English word frequency. Often confused with hostile and homage.

Key facts for hostage
PropertyValue
Headwordhostage
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechNoun
IPA/ˈhɒs.tɪd͡ʒ/
Letters7
Frequency rank#8,301
Misspellings tracked10
Confusable pairs2
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Frequency rank visualization

Position of hostage in English word frequency (lower rank = more common)

Source: Wordfreq corpus

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for hostage is 7 letters long, classified as anoun, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /ˈhɒs.tɪd͡ʒ/. Corpus data places it at rank #8,301 in overall English word frequency, indicating it appears regularly in written and spoken text.Wiktionary records 5 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our Hunspell-derived misspelling index lists 10 documented wrong-spelling variants for hostage, with forms such as "hhostage", "hosatge", and "hosstage". Each variant represents a distinct typo pattern that appears often enough in corpora to be worth flagging, typically a doubled-consonant error, a silent-letter drop, or a vowel substitution.It also participates in 2 confusable-pair relationships, "hostile", "homage", where similar look or sound leads writers to substitute one word for another in context.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English hostage, ostage, from Old French hostage, ostage. This, in turn, is either from Old French hoste (“host”) + -age (in which case the sense development is from taking someone into "lodging" to taking them into "captivity", to applying the … Root origin matters for spelling because borrowed morphemes (Greek, Latin, Old French, Old English) carry their source-language orthographic conventions into modern English, which is why historical etymology is often the cleanest predictor of whether a cluster like "-ough", "-eau", or "-tion" will appear. For readers arriving here from a spelling check, the authoritative guidance is: the correct English form is hostage, spelled H-O-S-T-A-G-E, and any other sequence of those letters, regardless of how natural it feels, is a misspelling in standard orthography.

Definition

  1. 1
    A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of the conditions of a treaty or similar agreement, such as to ensure the status of a vassal.
  2. 2
    A person seized in order to compel another party to act (or refrain from acting) in a certain way, because of the threat of harm to the hostage.
  3. 3
    Something that constrains one's actions because it is at risk.
  4. 4
    One who is compelled by something, especially something that poses a threat; one who is not free to choose their own course of action.
  5. 5
    The condition of being held as security or to compel someone else to act or not act in a particular way.

Etymology

From Middle English hostage, ostage, from Old French hostage, ostage. This, in turn, is either from Old French hoste (“host”) + -age (in which case the sense development is from taking someone into "lodging" to taking them into "captivity", to applying the term to a captive), or is from Vulgar Latin obsidāticum (“condition of being held captive”), from Latin obses (“hostage, captive”), with the initial h- added under the influence of hoste or another word. Displaced native Old English ġīsl.

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: hhostage,hosatge,hosstage,hostaeg,hostagge,hostgae,hosttage,hotsage,hsotage,ohstage

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

Relative frequency of common misspelling types for hostage

Misspelling Variants of "hostage"

hhostage8hosatge7hosstage8hostaeg7hostagge8hostgae7hosttage8hotsage7
Misspelling Variants of "hostage"

Frequency rank: #8,301 in English

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "hostage"?
"hostage" is spelled H-O-S-T-A-G-E. The IPA pronunciation is /ˈhɒs.tɪd͡ʒ/.
What does "hostage" mean?
As a noun, "hostage" means: A person given as a pledge or security for the performance of the conditions of a treaty or similar agreement, such as to ensure the status of a vassal.
What words are commonly confused with "hostage"?
"hostage" is commonly confused with "hostile", "homage". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "hostage"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "hostage" is /ˈhɒs.tɪd͡ʒ/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "hostage"?
From Middle English hostage, ostage, from Old French hostage, ostage. This, in turn, is either from Old French hoste (“host”) + -age (in which case the sense development is from taking someone into "lodging" to taking them into "captivity", to app... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Nearby English words

Other entries that begin with the letter H in our English index:

Explore PlainSpell

Data Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Frequency data from Wordfreq. Misspellings derived from Hunspell dictionaries.