dumb

/dʌm/

//dʌm// adj

"dumb" is a 4-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“dumb” is a regularly-used English word, ranked #2,788 in English word frequency and used as an adjective.

#2,788
frequency rank, English
4
letters
6
tracked misspellings
20
confusable pairs

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - Unable to speak; lacking power of speech.

Visual similarity to commonly confused words

How many letter changes separate each confused pair (Levenshtein distance, normalized).

dumb vs duo
50% similar
dumb vs dun
50% similar
dumb vs dup
50% similar

Source: PlainSpell confusable corpus (Wiktionary, CC BY-SA).

Key facts for dumb
PropertyValue
Headworddumb
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdjective
IPA/dʌm/
Letters4
Frequency rank#2,788
Misspellings tracked6
Confusable pairs20
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “dumb” sits in English frequency

Every-word frequency runs from the handful of words we use constantly (left) to the long tail used once in a blue moon (right). dumb lands here:

#1#100#1K#10K#100K
← used constantlyrarely used →

Scale is logarithmic (each tick is 10× rarer). Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for dumb is 4 letters long, classified as an adjective, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /dʌm/. Corpus data places it at rank #2,788 in overall English word frequency, indicating it appears regularly in written and spoken text. Wiktionary records 10 distinct senses for this headword, so context determines which meaning a reader should apply.

Our generated misspelling index lists 6 likely wrong-spelling variants for dumb, with forms such as "ddumb", "dmub", and "dubm". Each of these forms differs from the correct spelling by one small edit: a doubled letter, a dropped silent letter, or a substituted vowel. It also participates in 20 confusable-pair relationships, "duo", "dun", "dup", and more, a pairing that trips writers up because the two words share enough sound or shape to blur together.

Etymologically, the entry records: From Middle English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, ineffectual”), from Old English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, unable to speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz (“dull, dumb”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk… The correct English form is dumb, spelled D-U-M-B.

Definition

  1. 1
    Unable to speak; lacking power of speech.
  2. 2
    Not talkative; taciturn or unwilling to speak.
  3. 3
    Having no input or voice in running things.
  4. 4
    Unaccompanied by words or speech, silent, wordless.
  5. 5
    Not producing any sound, silent.
  6. 6
    Stupid.
  7. 7
    Pointless, foolish, lacking intellectual content or value.
  8. 8
    Lacking some functionality or property ordinarily characteristic of its kind.
  9. 9
    Not equipped with intelligent behavior or processing capabilities of its own.
  10. 10
    Lacking brightness or clearness as a colour; dim, dull.

Etymology

From Middle English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, ineffectual”), from Old English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, unable to speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz (“dull, dumb”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, smoke, darken, obscure”). The senses of stupid, unintellectual, and pointless, which are found regularly since the 19th century only, probably developed under the influence of German dumm and Dutch dom. Just like the English word, these originally meant "lacking the power of speech", but they developed the mentioned senses early on. Cognates Cognate with Scots dumb (“dumb, silent”), North Frisian dom, domme (“dumb, stupid”), West Frisian dom (“dumb, stupid”), Dutch dom (“dumb, stupid”), German dumm (“dumb, stupid”), Danish dum (“stupid”), Swedish dum (“stupid”), Icelandic dumbur (“dumb, mute”). See also deaf.

This word in other languages

Common misspellings

Also misspelled as: ddumb,dmub,dubm,dumbb,dummb,udmb

Misspelling Pattern Breakdown

How far each generated variant is from the correct spelling of dumb - counted as single-character edits (an insertion, a deletion, or a substituted letter). The larger the bar, the easier the typo is to spot; one-edit slips are the ones that sneak past readers.

ddumb1dmub2dubm2dumbb1dummb1udmb2
Edit distance from "dumb"

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA); frequency ordering uses the FrequencyWords open word-frequency list (2018 English corpus, MIT). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "dumb"?
"dumb" is spelled D-U-M-B. The IPA pronunciation is /dʌm/.
What does "dumb" mean?
As an adjective, "dumb" means: Unable to speak; lacking power of speech.
What words are commonly confused with "dumb"?
"dumb" is commonly confused with "duo", "dun", "dup". These words look or sound similar but have different meanings. PlainSpell provides detailed comparisons for each pair.
How do you pronounce "dumb"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "dumb" is /dʌm/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "dumb"?
From Middle English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, ineffectual”), from Old English dumb (“silent, speechless, mute, unable to speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz (“dull, dumb”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- ... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “dumb”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is D-U-M-B - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /dʌm/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Don't mix it up with “duo” - see the side-by-side comparison. dumb vs duo
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list