above-board

/əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/

//əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd// adj

"above-board" is a 10-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“above-board” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as an adjective. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
11
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed September 3, 2026) - In open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception.

Corpus desk

Index EN-above-board · above-board · English

above-board · unranked · 0 variants · 0 confusables

  • FREQ-UNRANKED Unranked
  • LEN-MEGA 11 letters
  • VOW-5 5 vowels
  • CONFUS-0 No pairs
  • VAR-0 0 variants
  • BOOK-THIN "A" thin
  • PHOTO-UNK Peer pending

Read with this headword: Spelling guide for this pattern

Desk codes from Wiktionary headword shape, FrequencyWords rank tier, confusable-pair count, generated misspelling depth, letter-cohort book size, and photo-finish peer. Not a difficulty grade.

Key facts for above-board
PropertyValue
Headwordabove-board
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechAdjective
IPA/əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/
Letters11
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “above-board” sits in English frequency

above-boardsits beyond the 100,000 most-frequent English words, in the long tail of technical, archaic, or otherwise rare vocabulary where spelling doubt tends to strike hardest.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

above-board is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as anadjective, transcribed /əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. Gloss: "In open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception.".

We couldn't generate a plausible misspelling set for above-board, since its letter pattern doesn't lend itself to common typo substitutions. It is not paired with a close-neighbour confusable in our dataset, suggesting its spelling stands apart enough that readers rarely confuse it with something else.

Etymologically, the entry records: From above + board (“table”). First attested in 1610. Said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamblers, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table. The correct English form is above-board, spelled A-B-O-V-E---B-O-A-R-D.

Definition

  1. 1
    In open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception.

Recorded use

Wiktionary examples

These source excerpts show how above-board appears in context. They illustrate usage; the definition above remains the entry’s reference meaning.

  1. fair and aboveboard
  2. Nothing illegal about any of this to my knowledge. Indeed, this is the very above-board racket of running an independent political committee. Everyone does it. Left, right, center and none of the above. And anyway, why shouldn't a true pay-triot get paid?

Etymology

From above + board (“table”). First attested in 1610. Said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamblers, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table.

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "above-board"?
"above-board" is spelled A-B-O-V-E---B-O-A-R-D. The IPA pronunciation is /əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/.
What does "above-board" mean?
As an adjective, "above-board" means: In open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception.
How do you pronounce "above-board"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "above-board" is /əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "above-board"?
From above + board (“table”). First attested in 1610. Said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamblers, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table. See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

What to do next

You've looked up "above-board". Here's where to go from here.

  • Browse more English words in the "A" letter cohort. A–Z browse
  • PlainSpell rotates a curated Word of the Day from the English corpus, a passive way to discover vocabulary. Word of the Day

PlainSpell is a reference corpus, not spelling advice. Verify unusual forms in context.

Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list