enlightenvsenlightenedWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: enlighten is a verb, enlightened is an adjective, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“enlighten” is a verb and “enlightened” is an adjective - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#21,787
“enlighten” frequency rank
#15,159
“enlightened” frequency rank
36946
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature enlighten enlightened
Definition To supply with light. Educated or informed.

Where the spellings diverge

Shared letters are muted; the letters that actually set enlighten and enlightened apart are highlighted. They share 9 letters in sequence, which is exactly why the eye skips the difference.

9 ch
enlighten
11 ch
enlightened

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: enlighten is /ɪnˈlaɪtən/ while enlightened is /ɪnˈlaɪtənd/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 2 extra letter(s) - “enlighten” sits inside “enlightened”, and the parts of speech differ too (verb vs adjective), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 36946, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

enlighten is recorded at frequency rank #21,787, classified as averb, pronounced /ɪnˈlaɪtən/. enlightened is at rank #15,159, tagged as anadj, pronounced /ɪnˈlaɪtənd/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 36946, this pair ranks #298,746 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of enlighten vs enlightened

Shared letters: eghilnt. Private to "enlighten": -. Private to "enlightened": d.

"enlighten" · 9 letters · shape VCCVCCCVC  ·  "enlightened" · 11 letters · shape VCCVCCCVCVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • enlightenelnighten · enilghten · enlgihten · enligghten · enlighetn · enlighhten · enlightenn · enlightne
  • enlightenedelnightened · enilghtened · enlgihtened · enligghtened · enlighetned · enlighhtened · enlighteend · enlightende

Frequency comparison

enlighten#21,787
enlightened#15,159

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "enlighten" and "enlightened" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "enlighten" is a verb and "enlightened" an adjective, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "enlighten" or "enlightened"?
"enlightened" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #15,159 in our English list, against #21,787 for "enlighten". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

Remembering enlighten vs enlightened

The fastest way to pick the right one every time.

  • Check the role first: if you need a verb, it's “enlighten”; for an adjective, it's “enlightened”.
  • See each word in full, definition, IPA, etymology and its other confusables. Full “enlighten” entry
  • Browse more pairs most likely to be confused. Most confusable

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list