erstvserstemConfusable pair

Quick tell: erst is a adverb, erstem is an adjective, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“erst” is an adverb and “erstem” is an adjective - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#159
“erst” frequency rank
#18,228
“erstem” frequency rank
18387
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature erst erstem
Definition zuvor, vorher Dativ Singular Maskulinum der starken Flexion des Positivs des Adjektivs erste

Where the eye mixes erst and erstem

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 4 letters in sequence.

4 ch
erst
6 ch
erstem

Why the eye confuses erst with erstem

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: erst is [eːɐ̯st] while erstem is [ˈeːɐ̯stəm]. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 2 extra letter(s) - “erst” sits inside “erstem”, and the parts of speech differ too (adverb vs adjective), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 18387, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

erst is recorded at frequency rank #159, classified as anadv, pronounced [eːɐ̯st]. erstem is at rank #18,228, tagged as anadj, pronounced [ˈeːɐ̯stəm].

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 18387, this pair ranks #1,918,729 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of erst vs erstem

Shared letters: erst. Private to "erst": -. Private to "erstem": m.

"erst" · 4 letters · shape VCCC  ·  "erstem" · 6 letters · shape VCCCVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • ersterrst · ersst · erstt · erts · esrt
  • erstemerrstem · ersetm · ersstem · erstemm · erstme · ersttem · ertsem · esrtem

Frequently Asked Questions

Do "erst" and "erstem" mean the same thing in a sentence?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "erst" is an adverb and "erstem" an adjective, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Frequency check: "erst" vs "erstem" - which ranks higher?
"erst" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #159 in our German list, against #18,228 for "erstem". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Useful next steps

Visual near-miss handled. Browse the word pages or a neighbour when the next look-alike shows up.

  • Full dictionary entry for "erst" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "erstem" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #1,918,729 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "erst" and "erstem" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "Easter vs erstem". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #1,918,729 of 2,006,359 scored German pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list