Which to use
“déjà” is an adverb and “Duma” is a noun - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.
- #44,541
- “déjà” frequency rank
- #41,116
- “Duma” frequency rank
- 85657
- confusion score
Side-by-Side Comparison
| Feature | déjà | Duma |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt als erwartet | russisches Unterhaus |
Where the eye mixes déjà and Duma
Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence. déjà and Duma follow the identical consonant-vowel pattern (CVCV). Same shape at a glance is often the real trap, independent of shared letters.
Look-alike desk: déjà vs Duma
These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: déjà is [de.ʒa] while Duma is [ˈduːma]. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 3 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (adverb vs noun), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 85657, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.
déjà is recorded at frequency rank #44,541, classified as anadv, pronounced [de.ʒa]. Duma is at rank #41,116, tagged as anoun, pronounced [ˈduːma].
Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.
With a confusion score of 85657, this pair ranks #105,002 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs - among the most confusable pairs.
Orthographic DNA of déjà vs Duma
Shared letters: d. Private to "déjà": jàé. Private to "Duma": amu.
"déjà" · 4 letters · shape CVCV · "Duma" · 4 letters · shape CVCV
Known mistypes of this pair
- Duma ← dduma · dmua · duam · dumma · udma
Frequently Asked Questions
Is swapping "déjà" for "Duma" ever safe?
Frequency check: "déjà" vs "Duma" - which ranks higher?
Useful next steps
Eye-level mix-up between "déjà" and "Duma" is sorted above. Next: full entries or other pairs that share a letter shape.
- Full dictionary entry for "déjà" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
- Full dictionary entry for "Duma" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
- This pair ranks #105,002 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
- "déjà" and "Duma" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "déjà vs dess". Nearby pair
- Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes
Confusion rank #105,002 of 2,006,359 scored German pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.