hatvshemConfusable pair

Quick tell: hat is a noun, hem is an intj, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“hat” is a noun and “hem” is an intj - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#19,453
“hat” frequency rank
#27,124
“hem” frequency rank
46577
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature hat hem
Definition chapéu expressa incompreensão, não entendimento, simultaneamente comunicando àquele ao qual se dirige, que elucide o sentido, o nexo, que dê clareza ou que melhor se fale ou expresse o que se acabou de comunicar

Where the eye mixes hat and hem

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence.

3 ch
hat
3 ch
hem

Why the eye confuses hat with hem

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: hat is /hæt/, SAMPA: /h{t/ while hem is /ẽɲ/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 2 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (noun vs intj), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 46577, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

hat is recorded at frequency rank #19,453, classified as anoun, pronounced /hæt/, SAMPA: /h{t/. hem is at rank #27,124, tagged as anintj, pronounced /ẽɲ/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 46577, this pair ranks #18,714 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - among the most confusable pairs.

Orthographic DNA of hat vs hem

Shared letters: h. Private to "hat": at. Private to "hem": em.

"hat" · 3 letters · shape CVC  ·  "hem" · 3 letters · shape CVC

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swapping "hat" for "hem" ever safe?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "hat" is a noun and "hem" an intj, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
In ordinary Portuguese text, does "hat" or "hem" show up more?
"hat" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #19,453 in our Portuguese list, against #27,124 for "hem". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

What to do next

Eye-level mix-up between "hat" and "hem" is sorted above. Next: full entries or other pairs that share a letter shape.

  • Full dictionary entry for "hat" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "hem" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #18,714 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "hat" and "hem" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "hem vs hui". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #18,714 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list