badvsbyTell them apart

Quick tell: bad is a noun, by is a preposition, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“bad” is a noun and “by” is a preposition - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#4,699
“bad” frequency rank
#1,598
“by” frequency rank
6297
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature bad by
Definition banho por;

Letter map: bad vs by

Shared letters muted; letters that set bad and by apart highlighted. Shared run: 1.

3 ch
bad
2 ch
by

Part-of-speech tell for bad / by

Our dataset has no pronunciation recorded for both members, so the reliable separator here is grammatical: bad is anoun and byapreposition. On the page they differ by 1 letter(s) in length. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 6297, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

bad is recorded at frequency rank #4,699, classified as anoun, pronounced /bɑt/. by is at rank #1,598, tagged as aprep.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 6297, this pair ranks #68,159 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of bad vs by

Shared letters: b. Private to "bad": ad. Private to "by": y.

"bad" · 3 letters · shape CVC  ·  "by" · 2 letters · shape CV

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "bad" and "by" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "bad" is a noun and "by" a preposition, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "bad" or "by"?
"by" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #1,598 in our Portuguese list, against #4,699 for "bad". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

After this comparison

Done with this confusable. These links stay specific to "bad" and "by".

  • Full dictionary entry for "bad" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "by" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #68,159 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "bad" and "by" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "bad vs bué". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #68,159 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list