by hook or by crook

/baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/

//baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk// prep_phrase

"by-hook-or-by-crook" is a 15-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“by hook or by crook” is outside the top-ranked English vocabulary, used as a prep_phrase - the kind of word writers most often double-check.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
19
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed May 6, 2026) - By any means possible; one way or another.

Key facts for by hook or by crook
PropertyValue
Headwordby hook or by crook
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechPrep_phrase
IPA/baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/
Letters19
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Where “by hook or by crook” sits in English frequency

by hook or by crook falls outside the top-100,000 ranked English words, the long-tail zone of technical, archaic, or low-frequency vocabulary, exactly where readers second-guess spellings most.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

The English entry for by hook or by crook is 19 letters long, classified as a prep_phrase, and transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet as /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/. It sits outside the most-frequent rank tiers, which is often why uncommon words generate more spelling variants per reader. The dominant gloss from Wiktionary reads: "By any means possible; one way or another.".

Zero misspellings are on record for by hook or by crook in our index, a sign its spelling follows regular English conventions. This entry stands alone in our confusable dataset, suggesting its spelling stands apart enough that readers rarely confuse it with something else.

Etymologically, the entry records: From earlier by howke or crooke, by hoke ne by croke, etc., from Middle English wiþ hok or crok, wiþ hook or wiþ crok; further origin unknown. One suggestion is that the term is derived from the common of estovers, an ancient right in English law for tenant… The correct English form is by hook or by crook, spelled B-Y- -H-O-O-K- -O-R- -B-Y- -C-R-O-O-K.

Definition

  1. 1
    By any means possible; one way or another.

Etymology

From earlier by howke or crooke, by hoke ne by croke, etc., from Middle English wiþ hok or crok, wiþ hook or wiþ crok; further origin unknown. One suggestion is that the term is derived from the common of estovers, an ancient right in English law for tenants of land to gather dead wood on common land using blunt tools such as hooks and shepherd’s crooks.

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "by hook or by crook"?
"by hook or by crook" is spelled B-Y- -H-O-O-K- -O-R- -B-Y- -C-R-O-O-K. The IPA pronunciation is /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/.
What does "by hook or by crook" mean?
As a prep_phrase, "by hook or by crook" means: By any means possible; one way or another.
How do you pronounce "by hook or by crook"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "by hook or by crook" is /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "by hook or by crook"?
From earlier by howke or crooke, by hoke ne by croke, etc., from Middle English wiþ hok or crok, wiþ hook or wiþ crok; further origin unknown. One suggestion is that the term is derived from the common of estovers, an ancient right in English law ... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Using “by hook or by crook”

The practical upshot for anyone who landed here from a spell-check.

  • The one correct English spelling is B-Y- -H-O-O-K- -O-R- -B-Y- -C-R-O-O-K - every other letter order is a misspelling in standard orthography.
  • Say it as /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/ (IPA); tap the speaker on the pronunciation badge to hear it where audio exists.
  • Browse more English words and confusable pairs in the same reference. English words
Data Source

Wiktionary (via kaikki.org), licensed under CC BY-SA & GFDL. Word ordering uses an open word-frequency list; misspelling variants are generated by edit-distance from the correct headword.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list