by hook or by crook

/baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/

//baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk// prep_phrase

"by-hook-or-by-crook" is a 15-letter English headword indexed on PlainSpell.

The verdict

“by hook or by crook” is uncommon English (outside the top frequency list), classed as a prep_phrase. The kind of spelling people second-guess.

Unranked
below top-frequency English
19
letters

According to Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA, analyzed September 3, 2026) - By any means possible; one way or another.

Corpus desk

Index EN-by-hook-or-by-crook · by hook or by crook · English

by hook or by crook · unranked · 0 variants · 0 confusables

  • FREQ-UNRANKED Unranked
  • LEN-MEGA 19 letters
  • VOW-7 7 vowels
  • CONFUS-0 No pairs
  • VAR-0 0 variants
  • BOOK-THIN "B" thin
  • PHOTO-UNK Peer pending

Read with this headword: Spelling guide for this pattern

Desk codes from Wiktionary headword shape, FrequencyWords rank tier, confusable-pair count, generated misspelling depth, letter-cohort book size, and photo-finish peer. Not a difficulty grade.

Key facts for by hook or by crook
PropertyValue
Headwordby hook or by crook
LanguageEnglish
Part of speechPrep_phrase
IPA/baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/
Letters19
Misspellings tracked0
Confusable pairs0
SourceWiktionary (kaikki.org)

Long-tail rank of “by hook or by crook” in English

by hook or by crookfalls outside the top-100,000 ranked English words, the long-tail zone of technical, archaic, or low-frequency vocabulary, exactly where readers second-guess spellings most.

Beyond rank #100,000. Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list.

Rare enough to double-check

by hook or by crook is uncommon English outside the top frequency list, classed as aprep_phrase, transcribed /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/. Rarity is why readers land here mid-draft. Gloss: "By any means possible; one way or another.".

Zero misspellings are on record for by hook or by crook in our index, a sign its spelling follows regular English conventions. This entry stands alone in our confusable dataset, suggesting its spelling stands apart enough that readers rarely confuse it with something else.

Etymologically, the entry records: From earlier by howke or crooke, by hoke ne by croke, etc., from Middle English wiþ hok or crok, wiþ hook or wiþ crok; further origin unknown. One suggestion is that the term is derived from the common of estovers, an ancient right in English law for tenant… The correct English form is by hook or by crook, spelled B-Y- -H-O-O-K- -O-R- -B-Y- -C-R-O-O-K.

Definition

  1. 1
    By any means possible; one way or another.

Recorded use

Wiktionary examples

These source excerpts show how by hook or by crook appears in context. They illustrate usage; the definition above remains the entry’s reference meaning.

  1. She was determined to win the contract by hook or by crook.
  2. Nor wyll suffre this boke / By hoke ne by croke / Prynted for to be, […]

Etymology

From earlier by howke or crooke, by hoke ne by croke, etc., from Middle English wiþ hok or crok, wiþ hook or wiþ crok; further origin unknown. One suggestion is that the term is derived from the common of estovers, an ancient right in English law for tenants of land to gather dead wood on common land using blunt tools such as hooks and shepherd’s crooks.

This word in other languages

Definitions, pronunciation, and etymology for this entry are drawn from Wiktionary via the kaikki.org structured extract (CC BY-SA). See the methodology for how each field is sourced and updated.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you spell "by hook or by crook"?
"by hook or by crook" is spelled B-Y- -H-O-O-K- -O-R- -B-Y- -C-R-O-O-K. The IPA pronunciation is /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/.
What does "by hook or by crook" mean?
As a prep_phrase, "by hook or by crook" means: By any means possible; one way or another.
How do you pronounce "by hook or by crook"?
The IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription for "by hook or by crook" is /baɪ ˈhʊk‿ə baɪ ˈkɹʊk/. Click the speaker icon on the pronunciation badge above to hear it spoken aloud where audio is available.
What is the origin of the word "by hook or by crook"?
From earlier by howke or crooke, by hoke ne by croke, etc., from Middle English wiþ hok or crok, wiþ hook or wiþ crok; further origin unknown. One suggestion is that the term is derived from the common of estovers, an ancient right in English law ... See the full etymology section above for more details.
Is PlainSpell free to use?
Yes, PlainSpell is a completely free word reference. You can look up definitions, pronunciations, confusable pairs, homophones, and spelling corrections across 5 languages without any sign-up or subscription.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list