whovswho'dWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: who is a pronoun, who'd is a contraction, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“who” is a pronoun and “who'd” is a contraction - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#53
“who” frequency rank
#12,531
“who'd” frequency rank
12584
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature who who'd
Definition What person or people; which person or people; asks for the identity of someone; used in a direct or indirect question. Who had.

Where the spellings diverge

Shared letters are muted; the letters that actually set who and who'd apart are highlighted. They share 3 letters in sequence, which is exactly why the eye skips the difference.

3 ch
who
5 ch
who'd

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

Our dataset has no pronunciation recorded for both members, so the reliable separator here is grammatical: who is apronoun and who'dacontraction. On the page they differ by 2 extra letter(s) - “who” sits inside “who'd”. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 12584, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

who is recorded at frequency rank #53, classified as apron, pronounced /huː/. who'd is at rank #12,531, tagged as acontraction.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 12584, this pair ranks #480,712 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of who vs who'd

Shared letters: how. Private to "who": -. Private to "who'd": d.

"who" · 3 letters · shape CCV  ·  "who'd" · 4 letters · shape CCVC

Frequency comparison

who#53
who'd#12,531

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "who" and "who'd" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "who" is a pronoun and "who'd" a contraction, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "who" or "who'd"?
"who" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #53 in our English list, against #12,531 for "who'd". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Remembering who vs who'd

The fastest way to pick the right one every time.

  • Check the role first: if you need a pronoun, it's “who”; for a contraction, it's “who'd”.
  • See each word in full, definition, IPA, etymology and its other confusables. Full “who” entry
  • Browse more pairs most likely to be confused. Most confusable

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list