howvshow'dWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: how is a adverb, how'd is a contraction, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“how” is an adverb and “how'd” is a contraction - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#67
“how” frequency rank
#16,935
“how'd” frequency rank
17002
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature how how'd
Definition To what degree or extent. how did

Where the spellings diverge

Shared letters are muted; the letters that actually set how and how'd apart are highlighted. They share 3 letters in sequence, which is exactly why the eye skips the difference.

3 ch
how
5 ch
how'd

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: how is /haʊ/ while how'd is /haʊd/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 2 extra letter(s) - “how” sits inside “how'd”, and the parts of speech differ too (adverb vs contraction), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 17002, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

how is recorded at frequency rank #67, classified as anadv, pronounced /haʊ/. how'd is at rank #16,935, tagged as acontraction, pronounced /haʊd/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 17002, this pair ranks #454,255 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of how vs how'd

Shared letters: how. Private to "how": -. Private to "how'd": d.

"how" · 3 letters · shape CVC  ·  "how'd" · 4 letters · shape CVCC

Frequency comparison

how#67
how'd#16,935

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "how" and "how'd" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "how" is an adverb and "how'd" a contraction, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "how" or "how'd"?
"how" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #67 in our English list, against #16,935 for "how'd". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Remembering how vs how'd

The fastest way to pick the right one every time.

  • Check the role first: if you need an adverb, it's “how”; for a contraction, it's “how'd”.
  • See each word in full, definition, IPA, etymology and its other confusables. Full “how” entry
  • Browse more pairs most likely to be confused. Most confusable

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list FrequencyWords open word-frequency list