abjectvsaffectWhich spelling fits?

Quick tell: abject is a adjective, affect is a verb, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“abject” is an adjective and “affect” is a verb - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#28,803
“abject” frequency rank
#2,510
“affect” frequency rank
31313
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature abject affect
Definition Existing in or sunk to a low condition, position, or state; contemptible, despicable, miserable. To influence or alter.

Where the eye mixes abject and affect

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 4 letters in sequence.

6 ch
abject
6 ch
affect

Look-alike desk: abject vs affect

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: abject is /ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/ while affect is /əˈfɛkt/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 2 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (adjective vs verb), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 31313, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

abject is recorded at frequency rank #28,803, classified as anadj, pronounced /ˈæbd͡ʒɛkt/. affect is at rank #2,510, tagged as averb, pronounced /əˈfɛkt/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 31313, this pair ranks #347,165 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of abject vs affect

Shared letters: acet. Private to "abject": bj. Private to "affect": f.

"abject" · 6 letters · shape VCCVCC  ·  "affect" · 6 letters · shape VCCVCC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • abjectabbject · abejct · abjcet · abjecct · abjectt · abjetc · abjject · ajbect
  • affectafect · afefct · affcet · affecct · affectt · affetc · fafect

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "abject" and "affect" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "abject" is an adjective and "affect" a verb, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
In ordinary English text, does "abject" or "affect" show up more?
"affect" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #2,510 in our English list, against #28,803 for "abject". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

After this comparison

Visual near-miss handled. Browse the word pages or a neighbour when the next look-alike shows up.

  • Full dictionary entry for "abject" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "affect" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #347,165 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "abject" and "affect" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "abduct vs abject". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #347,165 of 530,003 scored English pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list