refémvsreterConfusable pair

Quick tell: refém is a noun, reter is a verb, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“refém” is a noun and “reter” is a verb - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#11,531
“refém” frequency rank
#14,701
“reter” frequency rank
26232
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature refém reter
Definition pessoa ou povoação que fica em poder do inimigo como penhor de um contrato não largar da mão

Where the eye mixes refém and reter

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 2 letters in sequence.

5 ch
refém
5 ch
reter

Visual trap between refém and reter

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: refém is /ʀɨ.ˈfɐ̃j̃/ while reter is /Rɨ.ˈteɾ/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 3 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (noun vs verb), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 26232, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

refém is recorded at frequency rank #11,531, classified as anoun, pronounced /ʀɨ.ˈfɐ̃j̃/. reter is at rank #14,701, tagged as averb, pronounced /Rɨ.ˈteɾ/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 26232, this pair ranks #42,957 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of refém vs reter

Shared letters: er. Private to "refém": fmé. Private to "reter": t.

"refém" · 5 letters · shape CVCVC  ·  "reter" · 5 letters · shape CVCVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • retererter · reetr · reterr · retre · retter · rreter · rteer

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "refém" and "reter" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "refém" is a noun and "reter" a verb, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Frequency check: "refém" vs "reter" - which ranks higher?
"refém" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #11,531 in our Portuguese list, against #14,701 for "reter". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

What to do next

Pronunciation already separates them, if the page still looks alike, the dictionary links below settle it.

  • Full dictionary entry for "refém" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "reter" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #42,957 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "refém" and "reter" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "reatar vs reter". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #42,957 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list