cãovschamWhich spelling fits?

Quick tell: cão is a adjective, cham is a noun, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“cão” is an adjective and “cham” is a noun - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#3,065
“cão” frequency rank
#44,752
“cham” frequency rank
47817
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature cão cham
Definition cruel, brutal, dominador um certo tipo de autocrata

Where the eye mixes cão and cham

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence. cão runs 3 letters (CVV) against cham's 4 (CCVC) - the length gap alone is often enough to separate them once you know to check it.

3 ch
cão
4 ch
cham

Why the eye confuses cão with cham

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: cão is /ˈkɐ̃ũ̯/ while cham is /kæm/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 1 letter(s) in length, and the parts of speech differ too (adjective vs noun), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 47817, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

cão is recorded at frequency rank #3,065, classified as anadj, pronounced /ˈkɐ̃ũ̯/. cham is at rank #44,752, tagged as anoun, pronounced /kæm/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 47817, this pair ranks #17,405 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs - among the most confusable pairs.

Orthographic DNA of cão vs cham

Shared letters: c. Private to "cão": oã. Private to "cham": ahm.

"cão" · 3 letters · shape CVV  ·  "cham" · 4 letters · shape CCVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • cham ← cahm · ccham · chamm · chham · chma · hcam

Frequently Asked Questions

Do "cão" and "cham" mean the same thing in a sentence?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "cão" is an adjective and "cham" a noun, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
In ordinary Portuguese text, does "cão" or "cham" show up more?
"cão" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #3,065 in our Portuguese list, against #44,752 for "cham". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Useful next steps

Visual near-miss handled. Browse the word pages or a neighbour when the next look-alike shows up.

  • Full dictionary entry for "cão" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "cham" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #17,405 of 75,631 scored Portuguese confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "cão" and "cham" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "cham vs chau". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #17,405 of 75,631 scored Portuguese pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list