illvsirConfusable pair

Quick tell: ill is a adjective, ir is a verb, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“ill” is an adjective and “ir” is a verb - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#15,649
“ill” frequency rank
#14,065
“ir” frequency rank
29714
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature ill ir
Definition Malade, malsain. Aller, se déplacer jusqu'à un endroit.

Where the eye mixes ill and ir

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence.

3 ch
ill
2 ch
ir

Look-alike desk: ill vs ir

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: ill is \ˈɪl\ while ir is \iɾ\. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 1 letter(s) in length, and the parts of speech differ too (adjective vs verb), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 29714, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

ill is recorded at frequency rank #15,649, classified as anadj, pronounced \ˈɪl\. ir is at rank #14,065, tagged as averb, pronounced \iɾ\.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 29714, this pair ranks #314,952 of 440,172 scored French confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of ill vs ir

Shared letters: i. Private to "ill": l. Private to "ir": r.

"ill" · 3 letters · shape VCC  ·  "ir" · 2 letters · shape VC

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swapping "ill" for "ir" ever safe?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "ill" is an adjective and "ir" a verb, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "ill" or "ir"?
"ir" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #14,065 in our French list, against #15,649 for "ill". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

After this comparison

Eye-level mix-up between "ill" and "ir" is sorted above. Next: full entries or other pairs that share a letter shape.

  • Full dictionary entry for "ill" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "ir" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #314,952 of 440,172 scored French confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "ill" and "ir" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "ill vs isi". Nearby pair

Confusion rank #314,952 of 440,172 scored French pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list