wvswhoWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: w is a character, who is a pronoun, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“w” is a character and “who” is a pronoun - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#628
“w” frequency rank
#53
“who” frequency rank
681
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature w who
Definition The twenty-third letter of the English alphabet, called double-u and written in the Latin script. What person or people; which person or people; asks for the identity of someone; used in a direct or indirect question.

Where the eye mixes w and who

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 1 letter in sequence.

1 ch
w
3 ch
who

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: w is /ˈdʌbəl.juː/ while who is /huː/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 2 extra letter(s) - “w” sits inside “who”, and the parts of speech differ too (character vs pronoun), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 681, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

w is recorded at frequency rank #628, classified as acharacter, pronounced /ˈdʌbəl.juː/. who is at rank #53, tagged as apron, pronounced /huː/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 681, this pair ranks #528,990 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of w vs who

Shared letters: w. Private to "w": -. Private to "who": ho.

"w" · 1 letters · shape C  ·  "who" · 3 letters · shape CCV

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "w" and "who" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "w" is a character and "who" a pronoun, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "w" or "who"?
"who" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #53 in our English list, against #628 for "w". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list