Which to use
“included” and “includes” are a confusable English pair: similar on the page, but distinct in meaning, check the gloss before you choose.
- #993
- “included” frequency rank
- #1,171
- “includes” frequency rank
- 2164
- confusion score
Side-by-Side Comparison
| Feature | included | includes |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | simple past and past participle of include | third-person singular simple present indicative of include |
Where the spellings diverge
Shared letters are muted; the letters that actually set included and includes apart are highlighted. They share 7 letters in sequence, which is exactly why the eye skips the difference.
Spelling & Dictionary Insight
included and includes form a confusable pair in the English index, two distinct headwords that are easily confused because they look alike, sound alike, or both. They differ by a single letter - d in “included” becomes s in “includes” - close enough that the eye skips over the difference, far enough that meaning fully diverges. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 2164, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.
included is recorded at frequency rank #993, classified as averb, pronounced /ɪnˈkluːdɪd/. includes is at rank #1,171, tagged as averb, pronounced /ɪnˈkluːdz/.
Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.
With a confusion score of 2164, this pair ranks #525,702 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.
Frequency comparison
Frequently Asked Questions
Can "included" and "includes" be used interchangeably?
Remembering included vs includes
The fastest way to pick the right one every time.
- Read both glosses above and match the meaning you intend, only context separates this pair.
- See each word in full, definition, IPA, etymology and its other confusables. Full “included” entry
- Browse more pairs most likely to be confused. Most confusable