harmvshumTell them apart

Which to use

“harm” and “hum” are a confusable English pair: similar on the page, but distinct in meaning, check the gloss before you choose.

#3,169
“harm” frequency rank
#13,172
“hum” frequency rank
16341
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature harm hum
Definition Physical injury; hurt; damage. A hummed tune, i.e. created orally with lips closed.

Where the eye mixes harm and hum

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 2 letters in sequence.

4 ch
harm
3 ch
hum

Visual trap between harm and hum

A purely visual mix-up. harm (/hɑːm/) and hum (/ˈhʌm/) are said differently, so reading them aloud is the quickest way to catch the wrong one. On the page they stay close: they differ by 1 letter(s) in length. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 16341, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

harm is recorded at frequency rank #3,169, classified as anoun, pronounced /hɑːm/. hum is at rank #13,172, tagged as anoun, pronounced /ˈhʌm/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 16341, this pair ranks #458,353 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of harm vs hum

Shared letters: hm. Private to "harm": ar. Private to "hum": u.

"harm" · 4 letters · shape CVCC  ·  "hum" · 3 letters · shape CVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • harmahrm · hamr · harmm · harrm · hharm · hram

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swapping "harm" for "hum" ever safe?
No. They are said differently (/hɑːm/ versus /ˈhʌm/) and carry different meanings; reading the sentence aloud is usually enough to catch the wrong one.
Frequency check: "harm" vs "hum" - which ranks higher?
"harm" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #3,169 in our English list, against #13,172 for "hum". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

After this comparison

Pronunciation already separates them, if the page still looks alike, the dictionary links below settle it.

  • Full dictionary entry for "harm" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "hum" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #458,353 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "harm" and "hum" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "hum vs humps". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #458,353 of 530,003 scored English pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list