firmvsfirstWhat's the difference?

Quick tell: firm is a noun, first is an adjective, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“firm” is a noun and “first” is an adjective - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#1,693
“firm” frequency rank
#81
“first” frequency rank
1774
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature firm first
Definition A business partnership; the name under which it trades. Preceding all others of a series or kind; the ordinal of one; earliest.

Where the eye mixes firm and first

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 3 letters in sequence.

4 ch
firm
5 ch
first

Spelling & Dictionary Insight

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: firm is /fɜɹm/ while first is /fɜːst/. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they differ by 1 letter(s) in length, and the parts of speech differ too (noun vs adjective), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 1774, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

firm is recorded at frequency rank #1,693, classified as anoun, pronounced /fɜɹm/. first is at rank #81, tagged as anadj, pronounced /fɜːst/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 1774, this pair ranks #526,687 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of firm vs first

Shared letters: fir. Private to "firm": m. Private to "first": st.

"firm" · 4 letters · shape CVCC  ·  "first" · 5 letters · shape CVCCC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • firmffirm · fimr · firmm · firrm · frim · ifrm
  • firstffirst · firrst · firsst · firstt · firts · fisrt · frist · ifrst

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "firm" and "first" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "firm" is a noun and "first" an adjective, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "firm" or "first"?
"first" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #81 in our English list, against #1,693 for "firm". That is a wide gap, so in ordinary text the rarer spelling is the one worth double-checking.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list