cationvscitationConfusable pair

Which to use

“cation” and “citation” are a confusable English pair: similar on the page, but distinct in meaning, check the gloss before you choose.

#37,370
“cation” frequency rank
#9,299
“citation” frequency rank
46669
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature cation citation
Definition A positively charged ion: one that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis. An official summons or notice given to a person to appear.

Where the eye mixes cation and citation

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 6 letters in sequence.

6 ch
cation
8 ch
citation

Look-alike desk: cation vs citation

A purely visual mix-up. cation (/ˈkætˌaɪ.ən/) and citation (/ˌsaɪˈteɪʃn̩/) are said differently, so reading them aloud is the quickest way to catch the wrong one. On the page they stay close: they differ by 2 letter(s) in length. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 46669, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

cation is recorded at frequency rank #37,370, classified as anoun, pronounced /ˈkætˌaɪ.ən/. citation is at rank #9,299, tagged as anoun, pronounced /ˌsaɪˈteɪʃn̩/.

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 46669, this pair ranks #209,553 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs - roughly mid-pack for confusability.

Orthographic DNA of cation vs citation

Shared letters: acinot. Private to "cation": -. Private to "citation": -.

"cation" · 6 letters · shape CVCVVC  ·  "citation" · 8 letters · shape CVCVCVVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • cationcaiton · catino · cationn · catoin · cattion · ccation · ctaion
  • citationccitation · ciattion · citaiton · citasion · citatino · citationn · citatoin · citattion

Frequently Asked Questions

Is swapping "cation" for "citation" ever safe?
No. They are said differently (/ˈkætˌaɪ.ən/ versus /ˌsaɪˈteɪʃn̩/) and carry different meanings; reading the sentence aloud is usually enough to catch the wrong one.
Frequency check: "cation" vs "citation" - which ranks higher?
"citation" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #9,299 in our English list, against #37,370 for "cation". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

What to do next

Eye-level mix-up between "cation" and "citation" is sorted above. Next: full entries or other pairs that share a letter shape.

  • Full dictionary entry for "cation" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "citation" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #209,553 of 530,003 scored English confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "cation" and "citation" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "cation vs curation". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #209,553 of 530,003 scored English pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list