whatvswhenWhich spelling fits?

Quick tell: what is a pronoun, when is an adverb, so they fill different roles in a sentence.

Which to use

“what” is a pronoun and “when” is an adverb - they look or sound alike but fill different roles in a sentence.

#4,752
“what” frequency rank
#8,658
“when” frequency rank
13410
confusion score

Side-by-Side Comparison

Feature what when
Definition was? wann

Where the eye mixes what and when

Muted = shared; highlighted = the visual trap. They share 2 letters in sequence. what and when follow the identical consonant-vowel pattern (CCVC). Same shape at a glance is often the real trap, independent of shared letters.

4 ch
what
4 ch
when

Visual trap between what and when

These two trip readers on the page rather than in the ear: what is [wɒt] while when is [wɛn]. Spoken aloud the problem disappears. In writing it persists, because they share most of their letters but differ in 2 positions, and the parts of speech differ too (pronoun vs adverb), which is usually the fastest check. Our composite confusion score for this pair is 13410, derived from the frequency rank of both members and their visual similarity.

what is recorded at frequency rank #4,752, classified as apron, pronounced [wɒt]. when is at rank #8,658, tagged as anadv, pronounced [wɛn].

Glosses for this pair are partially populated in our dataset, but the full side-by-side definitions above should still guide you to the right choice.

With a confusion score of 13410, this pair ranks #1,958,173 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs - a relatively easy-to-tell-apart pair.

Orthographic DNA of what vs when

Shared letters: hw. Private to "what": at. Private to "when": en.

"what" · 4 letters · shape CCVC  ·  "when" · 4 letters · shape CCVC

Known mistypes of this pair

  • what ← hwat · waht · whatt · whhat · whta · wwhat
  • when ← hwen · wehn · whenn · whhen · whne · wwhen

Frequently Asked Questions

Can "what" and "when" be used interchangeably?
No - they are not even the same part of speech. "what" is a pronoun and "when" an adverb, so a sentence built for one is usually ungrammatical with the other.
Which is more common, "what" or "when"?
"what" is the more common of the two: it sits at frequency rank #4,752 in our German list, against #8,658 for "when". The two are close in frequency, so neither is a safe default; check the meaning rather than guessing.

What to do next

Visual near-miss handled. Browse the word pages or a neighbour when the next look-alike shows up.

  • Full dictionary entry for "what" with definition, IPA, and generated misspellings. Word entry
  • Full dictionary entry for "when" - compare definitions side by side with the headword page. Word entry
  • This pair ranks #1,958,173 of 2,006,359 scored German confusable pairs in this corpus vintage. Corpus statistics
  • "what" and "when" also get mixed up with nearby pairs, the highest-scored neighbour is "went vs when". Nearby pair
  • Recorded mistypes exist for at least one side of this pair, useful when a spell-checker or OCR lands on the wrong form. See mistypes

Confusion rank #1,958,173 of 2,006,359 scored German pairs, corpus vintage 2026-09-03, not spelling advice.

Source: Wiktionary (via kaikki.org) Structured Wiktionary extract

Source: FrequencyWords open word-frequency list